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Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 29 views

Understanding the Relationship Between Physical Environmental Factors and Community Behavior with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the 2019 Perbaungan Puskesmas Working Area

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. The Perbaungan Health Center is one of the areas that have been identified as an endemic region for DHF, with an incident rate of 79 per 100,000 population in 2019. This figure is significantly higher than the national indicator of 50 per 100,000 population in 2018. In this study, we aim to analyze the relationship between physical environmental factors, such as temperature, lighting, and humidity, as well as community behavior, including knowledge, attitudes, and actions, against DHF incident at the Perbaungan Health Center during 2019.

Research Methodology

This study employed an analytical survey method with a case-control study design. A total of 80 respondents were selected as samples, consisting of 40 cases of DHF and 40 controls. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling to ensure data representativeness. The data obtained was then analyzed using the Chi Square test to determine the relationship between the variables studied.

Research Results

The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between temperature and DHF incidence, with a value of P = 0.04 and Odds Ratio (OR) of 0.259 (95% CI 0.103-0.655). This suggests that temperature is a significant predictor of DHF incidence in the Perbaungan Health Center area. However, no significant relationship was found between lighting (p = 0.414; OR = 0.636; 95% CI 0.215-1,883) and humidity (p = 0.173; OR = 0.532; 95% CI 0.215-1,318) against DHF.

Furthermore, analysis of community behavior shows that there is no significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.126; OR = 0.441; 95% CI 0.154-1,259), attitude (p = 0.261; OR = 0.600; 95% CI 0.246-1,463), and action (p = 0.646; OR = 1,541; 95% CI 0.243-9,754) with DHF.

Analysis and Implications

From the results of the study, it can be concluded that environmental temperature factors affect the events of DHF, while lighting, humidity, knowledge, attitudes, and actions of the community do not show significant relationships. This suggests that temperature is a critical factor that can be intervened in DHF prevention efforts.

The Perbaungan Health Center should increase health counseling to the public about DHF, especially to increase their understanding of how to prevent transmission of this disease. Counseling activities can be carried out through Posyandu, visits to the Puskesmas, and counseling in public places. In addition, it is essential to conduct routine larvae surveys and provide abate powder in every house or public facilities such as schools, mosques, and markets.

The community is also expected to pay more attention to environmental cleanliness, especially around their homes, to minimize the risk of the emergence of DHF cases. With a collaboration between health and the community, it is expected that the incidence of DHF in the Perbaungan Puskesmas area can be declined and public health can be maintained properly.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of temperature as a critical factor in the prevention of DHF. The findings of this study suggest that the Perbaungan Health Center should focus on increasing health counseling and conducting routine larvae surveys to prevent the transmission of DHF. The community is also expected to play a crucial role in maintaining environmental cleanliness to minimize the risk of DHF cases.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Increase health counseling: The Perbaungan Health Center should increase health counseling to the public about DHF, especially to increase their understanding of how to prevent transmission of this disease.
Conduct routine larvae surveys: It is essential to conduct routine larvae surveys to identify areas with high mosquito breeding activity and provide abate powder in every house or public facilities.
Maintain environmental cleanliness: The community is expected to pay more attention to environmental cleanliness, especially around their homes, to minimize the risk of the emergence of DHF cases.
Collaboration between health and community: With a collaboration between health and the community, it is expected that the incidence of DHF in the Perbaungan Puskesmas area can be declined and public health can be maintained properly.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Cross-sectional design: The study used a cross-sectional design, which may not capture the temporal relationship between the variables studied.
Limited variables: The study only examined a limited number of variables, including temperature, lighting, humidity, knowledge, attitudes, and actions.

Future Research Directions

Future research should aim to:

Examine the temporal relationship: Future studies should examine the temporal relationship between the variables studied to better understand the causal relationship between temperature and DHF incidence.
Include more variables: Future studies should include more variables, such as socioeconomic status, education level, and access to healthcare, to better understand the complex factors that contribute to DHF incidence.
Use a larger sample size: Future studies should use a larger sample size to increase the generalizability of the findings.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Its Relationship with Physical Environmental Factors and Community Behavior

Q: What is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)?

A: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a severe form of dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease that can cause severe bleeding, low blood pressure, and even death.

Q: What are the physical environmental factors that contribute to DHF?

A: The physical environmental factors that contribute to DHF include temperature, lighting, and humidity. Our study found that temperature is a significant predictor of DHF incidence, while lighting and humidity do not show a significant relationship.

Q: What is the role of community behavior in DHF prevention?

A: Community behavior, including knowledge, attitudes, and actions, plays a crucial role in DHF prevention. However, our study found that there is no significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and actions and DHF incidence.

Q: What can be done to prevent DHF?

A: To prevent DHF, it is essential to maintain environmental cleanliness, especially around homes, to minimize the risk of mosquito breeding. Health counseling and education are also crucial in increasing awareness about DHF prevention.

Q: What is the importance of temperature in DHF prevention?

A: Temperature is a critical factor in DHF prevention. Our study found that temperature is a significant predictor of DHF incidence, and therefore, it is essential to focus on temperature control measures to prevent DHF.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including a small sample size, cross-sectional design, and limited variables examined.

Q: What are the future research directions for DHF prevention?

A: Future research should aim to examine the temporal relationship between variables, include more variables, and use a larger sample size to increase the generalizability of the findings.

Q: What is the role of collaboration between health and community in DHF prevention?

A: Collaboration between health and community is essential in DHF prevention. With a collaborative effort, it is expected that the incidence of DHF can be declined and public health can be maintained properly.

Q: What are the recommendations for DHF prevention based on this study?

A: Based on this study, the following recommendations are made:

Increase health counseling: The Perbaungan Health Center should increase health counseling to the public about DHF, especially to increase their understanding of how to prevent transmission of this disease.
Conduct routine larvae surveys: It is essential to conduct routine larvae surveys to identify areas with high mosquito breeding activity and provide abate powder in every house or public facilities.
Maintain environmental cleanliness: The community is expected to pay more attention to environmental cleanliness, especially around their homes, to minimize the risk of the emergence of DHF cases.
Collaboration between health and community: With a collaboration between health and the community, it is expected that the incidence of DHF in the Perbaungan Puskesmas area can be declined and public health can be maintained properly.

Q: What is the conclusion of this study?

A: In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of temperature as a critical factor in the prevention of DHF. The findings of this study suggest that the Perbaungan Health Center should focus on increasing health counseling and conducting routine larvae surveys to prevent the transmission of DHF. The community is also expected to play a crucial role in maintaining environmental cleanliness to minimize the risk of DHF cases.