To calculate the number of moles of a substance

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 130 views

Introduction

In this article, we will explore the concept of stoichiometry and its application in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is a crucial concept in chemistry as it allows us to predict the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant.

The Reaction

The reaction we will be dealing with is:

4Fe + 3O_2 \rightarrow 2Fe_2O_3

This reaction involves the combination of iron (Fe) and oxygen (O2) to form iron(III) oxide, also known as hematite ($$Fe_2O_3$$). The reaction is a classic example of a redox reaction, where iron is oxidized and oxygen is reduced.

Stoichiometry of the Reaction

To determine the amount of $$Fe_2O_3$$ that will be produced from 37.5 grams of iron, we need to use the concept of stoichiometry. Stoichiometry involves the use of mole ratios to relate the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

From the balanced equation, we can see that 4 moles of Fe react with 3 moles of O2 to produce 2 moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$. This gives us a mole ratio of:

\frac{4 \text{ mol Fe}}{3 \text{ mol O}_2} = \frac{2 \text{ mol } Fe_2O_3}{1 \text{ mol Fe}}

Calculating the Number of Moles of Iron

To calculate the number of moles of iron, we need to know the molar mass of iron. The molar mass of iron is 55.85 g/mol.

We are given that we have 37.5 grams of iron. To calculate the number of moles of iron, we can use the following formula:

\text{moles Fe} = \frac{\text{mass Fe}}{\text{molar mass Fe}}

\text{moles Fe} = \frac{37.5 \text{ g}}{55.85 \text{ g/mol}}

\text{moles Fe} = 0.671 \text{ mol}

Calculating the Number of Moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$

Now that we have the number of moles of iron, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$.

From the mole ratio, we can see that 1 mole of Fe produces 0.5 moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$. Therefore, we can calculate the number of moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$ as follows:

\text{moles } Fe_2O_3 = \text{moles Fe} \times \frac{0.5 \text{ mol } Fe_2O_3}{1 \text{ mol Fe}}

\text{moles } Fe_2O_3 = 0.671 \text{ mol} \times \frac{0.5 \text{ mol } Fe_2O_3}{1 \text{ mol Fe}}

\text{moles } Fe_2O_3 = 0.3355 \text{ mol}

Calculating the Mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$

Now that we have the number of moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$, we can calculate the mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$ using the molar mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$. The molar mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$ is 159.69 g/mol.

We can calculate the mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$ as follows:

\text{mass } Fe_2O_3 = \text{moles } Fe_2O_3 \times \text{molar mass } Fe_2O_3

\text{mass } Fe_2O_3 = 0.3355 \text{ mol} \times 159.69 \text{ g/mol}

\text{mass } Fe_2O_3 = 53.63 \text{ g}

Conclusion

In this article, we have used the concept of stoichiometry to calculate the amount of $$Fe_2O_3$$ that will be produced from 37.5 grams of iron. We have calculated the number of moles of iron and then used the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of $$Fe_2O_3$$. Finally, we have calculated the mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$ using the molar mass of $$Fe_2O_3$$. The result is that 53.63 grams of $$Fe_2O_3$$ will be produced from 37.5 grams of iron.

References

Petrucci, R. H., Harwood, W. S., & Herring, F. G. (2002). General chemistry: Principles and modern applications. Prentice Hall.
Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2006). Physical chemistry. Oxford University Press.

FAQs

Q: What is stoichiometry? A: Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.
Q: How do I calculate the number of moles of a substance? A: To calculate the number of moles of a substance, you need to know the mass of the substance and its molar mass.
Q: What is the mole ratio in a chemical reaction? A: The mole ratio is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance to the number of moles of another substance in a chemical reaction.

Introduction

Stoichiometry is a fundamental concept in chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions (FAQs) on stoichiometry and chemical reactions.

Q: What is stoichiometry?

A: Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is a crucial concept in chemistry as it allows us to predict the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant.

Q: How do I calculate the number of moles of a substance?

A: To calculate the number of moles of a substance, you need to know the mass of the substance and its molar mass. The formula to calculate the number of moles is:

\text{moles} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}}

Q: What is the mole ratio in a chemical reaction?

A: The mole ratio is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance to the number of moles of another substance in a chemical reaction. It is a crucial concept in stoichiometry as it allows us to predict the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant.

Q: How do I balance a chemical equation?

A: To balance a chemical equation, you need to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides of the equation. You can use the following steps to balance a chemical equation:

Write the unbalanced equation.
Count the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
Add coefficients to the reactants and products to make the number of atoms of each element the same on both sides of the equation.

Q: What is the difference between a mole and a gram?

A: A mole is a unit of measurement that represents 6.022 x 10^23 particles (atoms or molecules). It is a fundamental unit of measurement in chemistry. A gram, on the other hand, is a unit of mass that represents 1/1000 of a kilogram.

Q: How do I calculate the mass of a substance from its number of moles?

A: To calculate the mass of a substance from its number of moles, you need to know the molar mass of the substance. The formula to calculate the mass is:

\text{mass} = \text{moles} \times \text{molar mass}

Q: What is the significance of stoichiometry in chemistry?

A: Stoichiometry is a crucial concept in chemistry as it allows us to predict the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant. It is also used to calculate the amount of reactant required to produce a given amount of product.

Q: How do I apply stoichiometry in real-life situations?

A: Stoichiometry is applied in various real-life situations, such as:

Calculating the amount of reactant required to produce a given amount of product in a chemical reaction.
Determining the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant in a chemical reaction.
Calculating the amount of energy required to produce a given amount of product in a chemical reaction.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when applying stoichiometry?

A: Some common mistakes to avoid when applying stoichiometry include:

Not balancing the chemical equation correctly.
Not using the correct molar mass of the substance.
Not calculating the number of moles correctly.
Not using the correct mole ratio.

Conclusion

In this article, we have answered some frequently asked questions (FAQs) on stoichiometry and chemical reactions. Stoichiometry is a fundamental concept in chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is a crucial concept in chemistry as it allows us to predict the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant.

References

Petrucci, R. H., Harwood, W. S., & Herring, F. G. (2002). General chemistry: Principles and modern applications. Prentice Hall.
Atkins, P. W., & De Paula, J. (2006). Physical chemistry. Oxford University Press.

FAQs

Q: What is stoichiometry? A: Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions.
Q: How do I calculate the number of moles of a substance? A: To calculate the number of moles of a substance, you need to know the mass of the substance and its molar mass.
Q: What is the mole ratio in a chemical reaction? A: The mole ratio is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance to the number of moles of another substance in a chemical reaction.