The Potential of Chitosan and Red Dragon Fruit Skin Extract

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 44 views

Effectiveness of Mouthwash Containing 0.5% Chitosan Solution and 25% Red Dragon Skin Extract (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) in Inhibiting the Growth of Streptococcus Mutans (In Vitro)

Introduction

Maintaining good oral health is crucial for overall well-being, and one of the key factors in achieving this is controlling the growth of bacteria that cause cavities. Among these bacteria, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a dominant player in the formation of dental plaque, a biofilm that attaches to the surface of teeth and can trigger periodontal disease. To combat this, various methods are employed, including the use of mouthwash. Chlorhexidine, a standard mouthwash, is effective in inhibiting plaque formation but has side effects such as dental staining. In this study, we explore the effectiveness of a natural mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans.

Background

Streptococcus mutans is a type of bacteria that thrives in the oral cavity and is responsible for the formation of dental plaque. This biofilm can lead to periodontal disease, which is a major cause of tooth loss worldwide. To control the growth of S. mutans, various methods are employed, including the use of mouthwash. Chlorhexidine, a standard mouthwash, is effective in inhibiting plaque formation but has side effects such as dental staining. Therefore, there is a need to explore alternative natural mouthwashes that can effectively inhibit the growth of S. mutans without the side effects associated with chlorhexidine.

The Potential of Chitosan and Red Dragon Fruit Skin Extract

Chitosan, a polycationic polysaccharide, has been shown to have antibacterial properties, making it a potential ingredient in mouthwash. Red dragon fruit skin extract, rich in flavonoids, has also been shown to have antibacterial properties. Therefore, combining chitosan and red dragon fruit skin extract in a mouthwash may provide a synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans.

Methodology

This study used the Kirby-Bauer method (paper discs) to measure the diameter of the clear zone formed around the paper disc, as an indicator of the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. The results show that the combination of 0.5% chitosan mouthwash and 25% of red dragon fruit skin extracts have a diameter of an inhibitory zone of 8.84 mm, categorized as the effectiveness of moderate antibacterial.

Comparison with Other Mouthwashes

The effectiveness of the combination of 0.5% chitosan mouthwash and 25% of red dragon fruit skin extracts was compared with other mouthwashes:

Mouthwash 0.5% Chitosan: The diameter of the inhibition zone was 6.86 mm (medium).
Mouthwash 25% Red Dragon Fruit Skin Extract: The inhibition zone diameter was 8.02 mm (medium).
Mouthwash 0.2% Chlorhexidine: The inhibitory zone diameter was 11.18 mm (strong).
Basic mouthwash: Did not show effectiveness as there was no clear zone formed.

Results and Discussion

The results of this study indicate that the mouth combination of chitosan and red dragon skin extract has the potential as an alternative natural mouthwash to inhibit the growth of S. mutans. Although its effectiveness is still relatively moderate compared to chlorhexidine, this combination offers a safer solution and environmentally friendly. Further research needs to be done to optimize the concentration of chitosan and extract of red dragon fruit skin in mouthwash in order to achieve stronger effectiveness.

Limitations and Future Research

It is essential to remember that this research was conducted in vitro. Further research is still needed in vivo to test the effectiveness and safety of this mouthwash in humans. However, the results of this study indicate that natural mouth-based mouthwash based on red dragon fruit skin has great potential to be an effective and safe alternative in maintaining dental and oral health.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of a mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans. The combination of chitosan and red dragon fruit skin extract offers a safer and environmentally friendly alternative to chlorhexidine. Further research is needed to optimize the concentration of chitosan and extract of red dragon fruit skin in mouthwash in order to achieve stronger effectiveness.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About the Effectiveness of Mouthwash Containing 0.5% Chitosan Solution and 25% Red Dragon Skin Extract (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) in Inhibiting the Growth of Streptococcus Mutans (In Vitro)

Q: What is the main purpose of this study?

A: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans).

Q: What is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)?

A: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a type of bacteria that thrives in the oral cavity and is responsible for the formation of dental plaque, which can lead to periodontal disease.

Q: What are the potential benefits of using a mouthwash containing chitosan and red dragon fruit skin extract?

A: The combination of chitosan and red dragon fruit skin extract in a mouthwash may provide a synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans, making it a safer and environmentally friendly alternative to chlorhexidine.

Q: How does the mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract compare to other mouthwashes?

A: The results of this study show that the mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract has a moderate antibacterial effect, compared to chlorhexidine, which has a strong antibacterial effect.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study was conducted in vitro, and further research is needed in vivo to test the effectiveness and safety of this mouthwash in humans.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The results of this study indicate that natural mouth-based mouthwash based on red dragon fruit skin has great potential to be an effective and safe alternative in maintaining dental and oral health.

Q: Can I use this mouthwash as a replacement for my current mouthwash?

A: While the results of this study are promising, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before making any changes to your oral care routine.

Q: How can I obtain the mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract?

A: The mouthwash containing 0.5% chitosan solution and 25% red dragon skin extract is not commercially available at this time. However, further research may lead to the development of a commercial product.

Q: What are the potential side effects of using this mouthwash?

A: The results of this study do not indicate any significant side effects associated with the use of this mouthwash. However, further research is needed to confirm the safety of this product.

Q: Can I use this mouthwash if I have sensitive teeth or gums?

A: It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using any new oral care product, especially if you have sensitive teeth or gums.

Q: How often should I use this mouthwash?

A: The frequency of use of this mouthwash is not specified in this study. However, it is essential to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer or healthcare professional.

Q: Can I use this mouthwash if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?

A: It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using any new oral care product, especially if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Q: How can I store this mouthwash?

A: The storage instructions for this mouthwash are not specified in this study. However, it is essential to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer or healthcare professional.