The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Financial Distress in Banking Companies in Indonesia

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 82 views

The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Financial Distress in Banking Companies in Indonesia

In the ever-evolving banking landscape, maintaining healthy finances is crucial for the survival and success of banking companies. However, it is not uncommon for banks to experience financial distress conditions, which indicate serious problems in operations and finances. This study aims to analyze the effect of intellectual capital measured by value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) on financial distress in the conventional banking sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

Understanding Intellectual Capital

Intellectual capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and expertise that an organization possesses, which can be leveraged to create value and drive growth. In the context of banking, intellectual capital encompasses three main components: value added capital employee (VACA), value added human capital (VAHU), and structural capital value added (STVA). These components are critical in determining the overall intellectual capital of a banking company.

Methodology and Data Collection

To collect data, this research uses secondary data from several sources, including the Financial Services Authority (OJK) website, the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), and Bank Indonesia. The research sample consisted of 29 banks registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2012-2016 period. The methodology used in this analysis includes multiple linear regression and moderated regression analysis (MRA).

Analysis and Findings

The results showed that VACA, VAHU, and STVA simultaneously had a significant effect on financial distress. Separately, the three components also show positive and significant effects. This shows that the higher the contribution of intellectual capital managed in the form of capital, human, and structure, the higher the risk of financial distress in the banking company.

Value Added Capital Employed (VACA)

VACA is a measure of the efficiency of capital use in creating added value. This study found that VACA had a positive and significant influence on financial distress. That is, if the company cannot optimize the use of capital owned, the risk of financial distress will increase. This is a signal for management to be better in managing resources.

Value Added Human Capital (VAHU)

VAHU refers to the added value resulting from the human resources in the company. Research shows that VAHU also contributes positively to financial distress. This indicates that the quality of labor and its management is a key factor in maintaining bank financial health. Companies that invest in training and employee development tend to be more able to reduce the risk of financial distress.

Structural Capital Value Added (STVA)

STVA, which reflects the efficiency and effectiveness of existing organizational structures and processes, also has a positive and significant influence on financial distress. This shows that companies that have good systems and procedures in their operations are more able to avoid financial crisis conditions.

Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC)

Overall, Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) also shows positive and significant effects on financial distress. The adjusted R-squared value of 0.173 shows that 17.3% of variations in financial distress can be explained by the variables being studied, while the remaining 82.7% is caused by other factors that are not measured in this model.

Conclusion

This research confirms the importance of managing intellectual capital in the banking sector in Indonesia. Understanding and managing intellectual capital effectively can be a key strategy in reducing the risk of financial distress. Bank management needs to focus more on improving the quality and efficiency of capital, human, and structure to strengthen their financial position. This study provides important insights for stakeholders in the banking world, including management and regulators, in an effort to maintain the stability and growth of the banking industry in Indonesia.

Implications for Banking Companies

The findings of this study have significant implications for banking companies in Indonesia. Firstly, banking companies need to prioritize the management of intellectual capital, focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of capital, human, and structure. Secondly, banking companies need to invest in training and employee development to enhance the quality of labor and its management. Finally, banking companies need to establish good systems and procedures in their operations to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.

Limitations and Future Research Directions

This study has several limitations, including the use of secondary data and the limited sample size. Future research directions include the use of primary data and a larger sample size to increase the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, future research can explore the impact of intellectual capital on financial distress in other industries and countries.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the influence of intellectual capital on financial distress in banking companies in Indonesia. The findings of this study highlight the importance of managing intellectual capital effectively to reduce the risk of financial distress. Banking companies in Indonesia need to prioritize the management of intellectual capital, focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of capital, human, and structure. This study provides a foundation for future research in this area and has significant implications for stakeholders in the banking world.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Intellectual Capital and Financial Distress in Banking Companies in Indonesia

In our previous article, we discussed the influence of intellectual capital on financial distress in banking companies in Indonesia. In this article, we will address some of the frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to this topic.

Q: What is intellectual capital, and how does it relate to financial distress in banking companies?

A: Intellectual capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and expertise that an organization possesses, which can be leveraged to create value and drive growth. In the context of banking, intellectual capital encompasses three main components: value added capital employee (VACA), value added human capital (VAHU), and structural capital value added (STVA). These components are critical in determining the overall intellectual capital of a banking company. The higher the contribution of intellectual capital managed in the form of capital, human, and structure, the higher the risk of financial distress in the banking company.

Q: What is the relationship between VACA and financial distress?

A: VACA is a measure of the efficiency of capital use in creating added value. This study found that VACA had a positive and significant influence on financial distress. That is, if the company cannot optimize the use of capital owned, the risk of financial distress will increase. This is a signal for management to be better in managing resources.

Q: How does VAHU contribute to financial distress?

A: VAHU refers to the added value resulting from the human resources in the company. Research shows that VAHU also contributes positively to financial distress. This indicates that the quality of labor and its management is a key factor in maintaining bank financial health. Companies that invest in training and employee development tend to be more able to reduce the risk of financial distress.

Q: What is the role of STVA in financial distress?

A: STVA, which reflects the efficiency and effectiveness of existing organizational structures and processes, also has a positive and significant influence on financial distress. This shows that companies that have good systems and procedures in their operations are more able to avoid financial crisis conditions.

Q: What are the implications of this study for banking companies in Indonesia?

A: The findings of this study have significant implications for banking companies in Indonesia. Firstly, banking companies need to prioritize the management of intellectual capital, focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of capital, human, and structure. Secondly, banking companies need to invest in training and employee development to enhance the quality of labor and its management. Finally, banking companies need to establish good systems and procedures in their operations to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.

Q: What are the limitations of this study, and what are the future research directions?

A: This study has several limitations, including the use of secondary data and the limited sample size. Future research directions include the use of primary data and a larger sample size to increase the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, future research can explore the impact of intellectual capital on financial distress in other industries and countries.

Q: How can banking companies in Indonesia apply the findings of this study to improve their financial health?

A: Banking companies in Indonesia can apply the findings of this study by prioritizing the management of intellectual capital, investing in training and employee development, and establishing good systems and procedures in their operations. By doing so, they can reduce the risk of financial distress and improve their overall financial health.

Q: What are the policy implications of this study for regulators and policymakers in Indonesia?

A: The findings of this study have significant policy implications for regulators and policymakers in Indonesia. Regulators and policymakers can use the findings of this study to develop policies and regulations that promote the management of intellectual capital in banking companies. By doing so, they can reduce the risk of financial distress and improve the overall financial health of the banking industry in Indonesia.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this article provides answers to some of the frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to intellectual capital and financial distress in banking companies in Indonesia. The findings of this study have significant implications for banking companies, regulators, and policymakers in Indonesia. By prioritizing the management of intellectual capital, investing in training and employee development, and establishing good systems and procedures in their operations, banking companies in Indonesia can reduce the risk of financial distress and improve their overall financial health.