Testing on various formats and types of media

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 113 views

Video Steganography Analysis Using a Combination of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Algorithm

Introduction

In today's digital era, sensitive information transmission often faces challenges related to security and confidentiality. One solution to hide important data is through the steganography method. Steganography is a technique used to insert confidential data into digital media, such as image files, audio, and video. In recent research, data is inserted into video files using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) algorithm and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Although the results obtained indicate that the value of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) only reaches 29, this number is lower than other methods that exist. Therefore, further research is needed to increase the value of PSNR, so that the information stored can be safer without reducing the quality of carrier media.

Background of Steganography

Steganography is a technique used to hide secret information within a non-secret message, image, or video. The goal of steganography is to conceal the very existence of the secret information, making it difficult for unauthorized parties to detect. In recent years, steganography has gained significant attention in the field of digital media, particularly in video steganography. Video steganography involves hiding secret information within a video file, which can be used to transmit sensitive information securely.

Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Algorithm

The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) algorithm are two popular techniques used in video steganography. The DCT-2D algorithm is a lossy compression technique that transforms the spatial domain of an image or video into the frequency domain. This transformation allows for efficient compression of the data, making it suitable for steganography applications. The DWT algorithm, on the other hand, is a lossless compression technique that decomposes an image or video into different frequency components. This decomposition allows for efficient compression of the data, making it suitable for steganography applications.

Experimentation and Results

In this study, researchers seek to increase the PSNR value by combining the DCT-2D and DWT algorithms using various image file formats such as JPG and GIF, as well as video formats such as AVI and MP4. Through experiments conducted on 12 video file samples, the average value of the mean square error (MSE) and PSNR showed significant results. The DCT-2D algorithm produces an average MSE value of 3.71 and PSNR 42.48, while the DWT algorithm gets an average value of MSE 2.48 and PSNR 44.22. Interestingly, when the two algorithms are combined, the result is the average value of MSE 2.35 and PSNR 44.45.

Comparison of Results

The results of this experiment show that the combination algorithm has better performance compared to the two algorithms separately. In this case, the DCT-2D combination algorithm shows the MSE value of 1.57 times better than DCT-2D and 1,055 times better than DWT, with PSNR, each 1,046 times and 0.994 times better. This shows that the application of innovative steganographic techniques using a combination of DCT-2D and DWT can improve the safety and quality of data insertion in video.

Conclusion

The success of this method in increasing the PSNR value and reducing MSE shows the great potential of video steganography as a tool to protect important information. Further research and testing on various formats and types of media can open the way for the application more broadly than this technique. By prioritizing security and quality, video steganography can be an efficient solution for confidential data transmission in the current digital era. Through this technique, the information hidden is not only safe from surveillance, but also does not reduce the user's experience when enjoying digital media.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions in video steganography include:

Improving the PSNR value: Further research is needed to improve the PSNR value, making it more suitable for steganography applications.
Testing on various formats and types of media: Testing the combination algorithm on various formats and types of media can open the way for the application more broadly than this technique.
Developing new steganographic techniques: Developing new steganographic techniques using a combination of DCT-2D and DWT can improve the safety and quality of data insertion in video.

References

[1] A. M. Eskicioglu and E. J. Delp, "An overview of steganography for multimedia data," IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 23-35, 2000.
[2] J. Fridrich, "Steganography in digital media: principles, algorithms, and applications," Cambridge University Press, 2009.
[3] S. C. Ahalt, A. K. Krishnamurthy, P. Chen, and Y. H. Park, "Discrete wavelet transform-based steganography for image and video," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 931-943, 2006.
Video Steganography Analysis Using a Combination of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) Algorithm: Q&A

Introduction

In our previous article, we discussed the use of a combination of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) algorithm in video steganography. This technique has shown great potential in improving the safety and quality of data insertion in video. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions (FAQs) related to video steganography and the combination algorithm.

Q: What is video steganography?

A: Video steganography is a technique used to hide secret information within a video file. The goal of video steganography is to conceal the very existence of the secret information, making it difficult for unauthorized parties to detect.

Q: What is the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) algorithm?

A: The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT-2D) algorithm is a lossy compression technique that transforms the spatial domain of an image or video into the frequency domain. This transformation allows for efficient compression of the data, making it suitable for steganography applications.

Q: What is the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) algorithm?

A: The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) algorithm is a lossless compression technique that decomposes an image or video into different frequency components. This decomposition allows for efficient compression of the data, making it suitable for steganography applications.

Q: How does the combination algorithm work?

A: The combination algorithm works by combining the DCT-2D and DWT algorithms to improve the safety and quality of data insertion in video. The DCT-2D algorithm is used to transform the spatial domain of the video into the frequency domain, while the DWT algorithm is used to decompose the video into different frequency components.

Q: What are the benefits of using the combination algorithm?

A: The benefits of using the combination algorithm include:

Improved safety and quality of data insertion in video
Increased PSNR value
Reduced MSE value
Improved security and confidentiality of sensitive information

Q: What are the limitations of the combination algorithm?

A: The limitations of the combination algorithm include:

Complexity of the algorithm
Computational requirements
Limited testing on various formats and types of media

Q: What are the future research directions in video steganography?

A: Future research directions in video steganography include:

Improving the PSNR value
Testing on various formats and types of media
Developing new steganographic techniques using a combination of DCT-2D and DWT

Q: How can I implement the combination algorithm in my own research?

A: To implement the combination algorithm in your own research, you will need to:

Familiarize yourself with the DCT-2D and DWT algorithms
Understand the principles of video steganography
Develop a software implementation of the combination algorithm
Test the algorithm on various formats and types of media

Q: What are the potential applications of video steganography?

A: The potential applications of video steganography include:

Secure transmission of sensitive information
Confidential data storage
Secure communication in various fields such as medicine, finance, and government

Conclusion

In this article, we have answered some frequently asked questions related to video steganography and the combination algorithm. We hope that this information will be helpful to researchers and practitioners in the field of video steganography.