Stoichiometry and Molar Mass

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 101 views

Introduction

In this article, we will explore the concept of stoichiometry and its application in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is a crucial concept in chemistry that helps us understand the amounts of substances involved in a reaction. In this article, we will use the given chemical equation to determine the mass of MnO2 produced when 445 grams of H2O are reacted.

The Chemical Equation

The given chemical equation is:

${ H_2O + 2 MnO_4^{-} + Br^{-} \rightarrow BrO_3^{-} + 2 MnO_2 + 2 OH^{-} }$

This equation shows that 1 mole of H2O reacts with 2 moles of MnO4- to produce 2 moles of MnO2. We will use this equation to determine the mass of MnO2 produced when 445 grams of H2O are reacted.

Stoichiometry and Molar Mass

To solve this problem, we need to use the concept of stoichiometry and the molar mass of the substances involved. The molar mass of a substance is the mass of 1 mole of that substance. We can calculate the molar mass of H2O and MnO2 using their atomic masses.

The atomic masses of H, O, and Mn are:

H = 1.008 g/mol
O = 16.00 g/mol
Mn = 54.94 g/mol

The molar mass of H2O is:

H2O = 2(1.008) + 16.00 = 18.02 g/mol

The molar mass of MnO2 is:

MnO2 = 54.94 + 2(16.00) = 86.94 g/mol

Calculating the Mass of MnO2 Produced

Now that we have the molar masses of H2O and MnO2, we can use the given chemical equation to determine the mass of MnO2 produced when 445 grams of H2O are reacted. We will use the concept of mole ratios to solve this problem.

The mole ratio of H2O to MnO2 in the given chemical equation is:

H2O : MnO2 = 1 : 2

This means that 1 mole of H2O produces 2 moles of MnO2. We can use this mole ratio to calculate the mass of MnO2 produced when 445 grams of H2O are reacted.

First, we need to calculate the number of moles of H2O reacted:

moles H2O = mass H2O / molar mass H2O
moles H2O = 445 g / 18.02 g/mol = 24.73 mol

Now, we can use the mole ratio to calculate the number of moles of MnO2 produced:

moles MnO2 = 2 x moles H2O
moles MnO2 = 2 x 24.73 mol = 49.46 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass of MnO2 produced:

mass MnO2 = moles MnO2 x molar mass MnO2
mass MnO2 = 49.46 mol x 86.94 g/mol = 4319.5 g

Conclusion

In this article, we used the concept of stoichiometry and the molar mass of the substances involved to determine the mass of MnO2 produced when 445 grams of H2O are reacted. We calculated the number of moles of H2O reacted and used the mole ratio to calculate the number of moles of MnO2 produced. Finally, we calculated the mass of MnO2 produced using the number of moles of MnO2 and its molar mass. The mass of MnO2 produced is approximately 4319.5 grams.

Discussion

The answer to this problem is not among the options provided. However, we can see that the closest answer is option B, which is 4300 grams. This is likely due to rounding errors in the calculation. In any case, the correct answer is approximately 4319.5 grams.

References

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, by Steven S. Zumdahl
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications, by Linus Pauling

Introduction

In our previous article, we explored the concept of stoichiometry and its application in a chemical reaction. We used the given chemical equation to determine the mass of MnO2 produced when 445 grams of H2O are reacted. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions related to stoichiometry and molar mass.

Q1: What is stoichiometry?

A1: Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is a crucial concept in chemistry that helps us understand the amounts of substances involved in a reaction.

Q2: What is the difference between mole ratio and mole fraction?

A2: Mole ratio is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance to the number of moles of another substance in a chemical reaction. Mole fraction, on the other hand, is the ratio of the number of moles of one substance to the total number of moles of all substances in a mixture.

Q3: How do I calculate the molar mass of a substance?

A3: To calculate the molar mass of a substance, you need to add up the atomic masses of all the atoms in the substance. For example, the molar mass of H2O is 2(1.008) + 16.00 = 18.02 g/mol.

Q4: What is the significance of molar mass in stoichiometry?

A4: Molar mass is a crucial concept in stoichiometry because it allows us to calculate the number of moles of a substance from its mass. This is essential in determining the amounts of substances involved in a chemical reaction.

Q5: How do I calculate the mass of a substance produced in a chemical reaction?

A5: To calculate the mass of a substance produced in a chemical reaction, you need to use the concept of mole ratios and molar masses. You can calculate the number of moles of the substance produced using the mole ratio and then multiply it by the molar mass of the substance.

Q6: What is the difference between limiting reactant and excess reactant?

A6: Limiting reactant is the reactant that is consumed first in a chemical reaction, while excess reactant is the reactant that is left over after the reaction is complete.

Q7: How do I determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?

A7: To determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, you need to compare the mole ratio of the reactants to the mole ratio required by the balanced equation. The reactant that is in the shortest supply is the limiting reactant.

Q8: What is the significance of limiting reactant in stoichiometry?

A8: Limiting reactant is a crucial concept in stoichiometry because it determines the amount of product that can be formed in a chemical reaction. The amount of product formed is limited by the amount of limiting reactant available.

Q9: How do I calculate the yield of a chemical reaction?

A9: To calculate the yield of a chemical reaction, you need to compare the actual amount of product formed to the theoretical amount of product that can be formed. The yield is expressed as a percentage of the theoretical yield.

Q10: What is the significance of yield in stoichiometry?

A10: Yield is a crucial concept in stoichiometry because it helps us understand the efficiency of a chemical reaction. A high yield indicates that the reaction is efficient and produces a large amount of product, while a low yield indicates that the reaction is inefficient and produces a small amount of product.

Conclusion

In this article, we answered some frequently asked questions related to stoichiometry and molar mass. We discussed the concept of mole ratio, molar mass, limiting reactant, and yield, and how they are used in stoichiometry. We hope that this article has helped you understand these concepts better and has provided you with a better understanding of stoichiometry.