Prognostic Value of Capillary Blood Sugar Levels and Blood Pressure to Acute Ischemic Outcome Stroke

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 76 views

Prognostic Value of Capillary Blood Sugar Levels and Blood Pressure to Acute Ischemic Outcome Stroke

Acute ischemic stroke is a medical emergency that requires prompt attention and treatment. The relationship between capillary blood sugar levels and blood pressure with outcomes in patients who experience acute ischemic stroke is a crucial area of study. Recent research has shown that high blood sugar levels and hypertension can significantly impact the results of stroke treatment. High glucose levels when hospitalized are often associated with poor outcomes, while hypertension occurs in approximately 80% of acute stroke patients. Although hypertension is considered a compensatory mechanism to maintain cerebral perfusion, increased blood pressure is also linked to poor outcomes and an increased risk of stroke.

Understanding the Importance of Blood Sugar and Blood Pressure Management

High blood sugar levels and hypertension are two critical factors that can significantly impact the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients. High glucose levels when hospitalized are often related to poor outcomes, while hypertension occurs in approximately 80% of acute stroke patients. Although hypertension is considered a compensatory mechanism to maintain cerebral perfusion, increased blood pressure is also related to poor outcomes and an increased risk of stroke. Therefore, it is essential to determine the threshold of capillary blood sugar and blood pressure that can predict poor outcomes, so that healthcare providers can take proactive steps to manage these factors.

Research Methods

This study aimed to determine the threshold of capillary blood sugar and blood pressure that can predict poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 80 patients who experienced acute ischemic stroke for the first time. All patients underwent measurement of capillary blood sugar levels when entering the hospital and twice in the first 24 hours after being treated. In addition, blood pressure measurements were carried out when entering the hospital and four times in the 24 hours. Poor outcomes were evaluated using the Modified Rankin Scale on the 90th day after a stroke occurred.

Research Results

From 80 patients, consisting of 37 (46.3%) male and 43 (53.75%) female, with an average age of 60.38 years. The results of the analysis of the Operating Characteristic (ROC) receiver showed the prediction value of the initial capillary blood sugar level with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.608 (95% CI, 0.432 to 0.783). The optimal threshold for capillary blood sugar levels related to poor outcomes in 3 months is 137 mg/dl, with 63% sensitivity and 59% specificity. This is related to an increase in the chances of poor outcomes by 1.3 times.

As for the maximum capillary blood sugar level, AUC is 0.635 (95% CI, 0.435 to 0.694), with an optimal threshold of 156 mg/dl, sensitivity of 74% and 55% specificity.

When assessing blood pressure, the Mean Systemic Blood Pressure in the first 24 hours after entering the hospital shows AUC 0.545 (95% CI, 0.410-0.680) with an optimal threshold of 149 mmHg, related to an increase in the chances of poor outcomes by 1.1 times. Meanwhile, the mean diastolic blood pressure has an AUC of 0.568 (95% CI, 0.435-0.701) and an optimal threshold of 89 mmHg, also shows an increase in opportunities for poor outcomes by 1.1 times.

Conclusion

Capillary blood sugar levels of ~ 137 mg/dl when entering the hospital, ~ 156 mg/dl in 24 hours after entering, as well as an average systolic blood pressure ≥149 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure averages ≥89 mmHg in stroke patients Acute ischemic associated with poor outcomes on the 90th day after the incident. However, it is essential to note that this result does not achieve statistical significance. Further research is needed to strengthen this finding and understand more deeply how the management of blood sugar and blood pressure levels can have a positive impact on patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Implications for Clinical Practice

This information is very relevant for medical personnel who treat patients with acute ischemic stroke. Knowing the threshold of blood sugar levels and blood pressure that can predict poor outcomes allow doctors to be more proactive in taking appropriate intervention steps. With the right management of these factors, it is expected that outcomes for patients can be improved, reduce morbidity, and improve the quality of life of stroke patients in the future.

Future Directions

Further research is needed to strengthen the findings of this study and understand more deeply how the management of blood sugar and blood pressure levels can have a positive impact on patients with acute ischemic stroke. This includes conducting larger-scale studies to confirm the results and exploring the potential benefits of early intervention in managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the lack of statistical significance in the results. Additionally, the study only included patients who experienced acute ischemic stroke for the first time, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to patients who have experienced previous strokes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. The findings suggest that capillary blood sugar levels of ~ 137 mg/dl when entering the hospital, ~ 156 mg/dl in 24 hours after entering, as well as an average systolic blood pressure ≥149 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure averages ≥89 mmHg in stroke patients Acute ischemic associated with poor outcomes on the 90th day after the incident. However, further research is needed to strengthen this finding and understand more deeply how the management of blood sugar and blood pressure levels can have a positive impact on patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Prognostic Value of Capillary Blood Sugar Levels and Blood Pressure to Acute Ischemic Outcome Stroke

Q: What is acute ischemic stroke?

A: Acute ischemic stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked, leading to a lack of blood flow to the brain. This can cause damage to the brain tissue and lead to a range of symptoms, including weakness, numbness, and difficulty speaking.

Q: What is the relationship between blood sugar levels and acute ischemic stroke?

A: High blood sugar levels have been shown to be associated with poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This is because high blood sugar levels can lead to inflammation and damage to the brain tissue, making it more difficult to recover from the stroke.

Q: What is the relationship between blood pressure and acute ischemic stroke?

A: High blood pressure has been shown to be a major risk factor for acute ischemic stroke. This is because high blood pressure can lead to damage to the blood vessels in the brain, making them more susceptible to blockage.

Q: What are the optimal thresholds for capillary blood sugar levels and blood pressure in patients with acute ischemic stroke?

A: The optimal thresholds for capillary blood sugar levels and blood pressure in patients with acute ischemic stroke are:

Capillary blood sugar levels: ~ 137 mg/dl when entering the hospital, ~ 156 mg/dl in 24 hours after entering
Systolic blood pressure: ≥149 mmHg
Diastolic blood pressure: ≥89 mmHg

Q: What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice?

A: These findings suggest that healthcare providers should be proactive in managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This can include monitoring blood sugar levels and blood pressure regularly, and taking steps to manage these factors, such as administering medications or making lifestyle changes.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the lack of statistical significance in the results. Additionally, the study only included patients who experienced acute ischemic stroke for the first time, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to patients who have experienced previous strokes.

Q: What are the future directions for research in this area?

A: Further research is needed to strengthen the findings of this study and understand more deeply how the management of blood sugar and blood pressure levels can have a positive impact on patients with acute ischemic stroke. This includes conducting larger-scale studies to confirm the results and exploring the potential benefits of early intervention in managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Q: How can healthcare providers apply these findings to their practice?

A: Healthcare providers can apply these findings to their practice by:

Monitoring blood sugar levels and blood pressure regularly in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Taking steps to manage these factors, such as administering medications or making lifestyle changes
Being proactive in managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Q: What are the potential benefits of managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke?

A: The potential benefits of managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke include:

Improved outcomes for patients
Reduced morbidity and mortality
Improved quality of life for patients

Q: What are the potential risks of not managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke?

A: The potential risks of not managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke include:

Poor outcomes for patients
Increased morbidity and mortality
Decreased quality of life for patients