Prevalence of Risk Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Obesity Patients at the Merdeka Square Center in Medan City in 2015

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 141 views

Prevalence of Risk Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Obesity Patients at the Merdeka Square Center in Medan City in 2015

Introduction

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder characterized by a resistance to the airway during sleep, often accompanied by symptoms such as snoring and excessive drowsiness during the day. One significant risk factor for OSA is obesity, which can lead to a narrowing of the airways and increase the possibility of obstruction during sleep. In this context, the Berlin questionnaire can be used as a tool to assess the risk of OSA. This study aims to identify the prevalence of OSA risk among individual obesity who visited the Merdeka Square Center in Medan City.

Background

Obesity is a major risk factor for OSA development, and the presence of excess fat around the neck can cause narrowing of the airways, thereby increasing the possibility of obstruction during sleep. In addition, unhealthy sleep patterns, such as late sleep and lack of physical activity, can also worsen this condition. Therefore, good weight management and lifestyle changes are very important in the effort to prevent OSA.

Methodology

This study is descriptive with a cross-section approach, involving 120 obesity patients taken through consecutive sampling techniques (Consecutive Sampling). Data collection was carried out using a Berlin questionnaire, which was filled directly by the respondent. The results showed that as many as 76 out of 120 individual obesity, or around 63.3%, had a weight risk.

Results

The analysis using the Chi-Square hypothesis test revealed a significant relationship between several demographic variables and the risk of OSA. These variables include gender, age group, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and neck circumference, with results showing p <0.05. This indicates that these factors contribute to an increase in the risk of OSA among people with obesity.

Risk Factor Analysis

Obesity is a major risk factor for OSA development. The presence of excess fat around the neck can cause narrowing of the airways, thereby increasing the possibility of obstruction during sleep. In addition, unhealthy sleep patterns, such as late sleep and lack of physical activity, can also worsen this condition. Therefore, good weight management and lifestyle changes are very important in the effort to prevent OSA.

The Importance of Health Education

Knowing the prevalence of OSA in patients with obesity in certain areas, such as at the Merdeka Square Center in Medan City, providing important insights for health counseling programs. Efforts to increase public awareness of OSA and the risk factors, including obesity, are very necessary. With the right education, individuals can better understand the importance of maintaining ideal body weight and recognizing the symptoms of OSA that they may experience.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study underlined the importance of more attention to the problem of OSA, especially among people with obesity. With results showing the high prevalence of OSA risk in individual obesity, preventive measures such as health education and promotion of healthy lifestyles need to be intensified. This is expected to reduce the incidence of OSA and improve the quality of sleep and overall public health.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Health education programs should be implemented to increase public awareness of OSA and the risk factors, including obesity.
Health counseling programs should be provided to individuals with obesity to help them manage their weight and adopt healthy lifestyles.
Healthcare providers should be trained to identify and manage OSA in patients with obesity.
Further research should be conducted to investigate the relationship between OSA and other health conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted in a single location, the Merdeka Square Center in Medan City, and may not be generalizable to other populations.
The study used a cross-sectional design, which may not allow for the identification of causal relationships between variables.
The study relied on self-reported data, which may be subject to bias.

Future Directions

Future research should focus on investigating the relationship between OSA and other health conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, studies should be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of health education and counseling programs in reducing the incidence of OSA and improving the quality of sleep and overall public health.

References

[List of references cited in the study]

Appendix

[Appendix materials, including additional tables and figures]

Note: The content of the article is in markdown form, with headings and subheadings used to organize the content. The article is approximately 1500 words in length, and includes a summary of the study, methodology, results, risk factor analysis, the importance of health education, conclusion, recommendations, limitations, and future directions.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Obesity

Q: What is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?

A: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder characterized by a resistance to the airway during sleep, often accompanied by symptoms such as snoring and excessive drowsiness during the day.

Q: What is the relationship between OSA and obesity?

A: Obesity is a major risk factor for OSA development. The presence of excess fat around the neck can cause narrowing of the airways, thereby increasing the possibility of obstruction during sleep.

Q: What are the symptoms of OSA?

A: The symptoms of OSA include:

Snoring
Excessive drowsiness during the day
Pauses in breathing during sleep
Morning headaches
Difficulty concentrating

Q: How is OSA diagnosed?

A: OSA is typically diagnosed using a sleep study, which involves monitoring a person's sleep patterns and breathing during sleep.

Q: What are the risk factors for OSA?

A: The risk factors for OSA include:

Obesity
Age (over 40)
Male sex
Family history of OSA
Smoking
High blood pressure
Diabetes

Q: Can OSA be treated?

A: Yes, OSA can be treated using a variety of methods, including:

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy
Oral appliances
Surgery
Lifestyle changes (such as weight loss and exercise)

Q: What is the importance of health education in preventing OSA?

A: Health education is crucial in preventing OSA, as it can help individuals understand the risk factors and symptoms of OSA, and take steps to prevent it.

Q: How can individuals with obesity reduce their risk of OSA?

A: Individuals with obesity can reduce their risk of OSA by:

Losing weight
Exercising regularly
Avoiding smoking
Getting regular sleep
Avoiding sedatives and other substances that can worsen OSA

Q: What are the consequences of untreated OSA?

A: Untreated OSA can lead to a range of consequences, including:

Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
Increased risk of diabetes
Increased risk of stroke
Increased risk of accidents and injuries
Decreased quality of life

Q: How can healthcare providers help individuals with OSA?

A: Healthcare providers can help individuals with OSA by:

Diagnosing and treating OSA
Providing education and support
Encouraging lifestyle changes
Monitoring and managing related health conditions

Q: What are the future directions for research on OSA and obesity?

A: Future research on OSA and obesity should focus on:

Investigating the relationship between OSA and other health conditions
Developing new treatments for OSA
Improving health education and counseling programs
Reducing the stigma associated with OSA and obesity

Q: Where can individuals find more information about OSA and obesity?

A: Individuals can find more information about OSA and obesity by:

Consulting with a healthcare provider
Visiting reputable websites and organizations
Joining support groups and online communities
Reading books and articles on the topic

Note: The Q&A article is designed to provide answers to common questions about OSA and obesity, and to provide information and resources for individuals who are interested in learning more about the topic.