Nutritional intervention programs

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 38 views

Analysis of Risk Factors for Lung TB with Logistics Regression Method (Case Study at Pematangsiantar Army Hospital)

Introduction

Lung Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious health problem in Indonesia, affecting millions of people every year. To understand the factors that contribute to this disease, it is essential to analyze patient data using statistical methods. This study aims to analyze the relationship between independent variables (risk factors) and dependent variables (incidence of pulmonary TB) using the logistics regression method at the Pematangsiantar Army Hospital.

Background

Lung TB is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is usually spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. The disease can be fatal if left untreated, but with proper treatment, it can be cured. In Indonesia, lung TB is a significant public health concern, with a high prevalence rate among the population.

Methodology

This study used the logistics regression method to analyze the relationship between independent variables (risk factors) and dependent variables (incidence of pulmonary TB). The risk factors under study include smoking, immunization status, nutritional status, and alcohol consumption. The logistics regression method is a statistical technique that is useful for analyzing the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables.

Research Results

The results of this study showed that the smoking variable and nutritional status had a significant influence on the incidence of pulmonary TB. The smoking variable has a significance value of 0.001 with a regression coefficient of 0.0840, while the nutritional status has a significance value of 0.003 with a regression coefficient of 0.0849. This means that the higher the frequency of smoking and the worse the nutritional status, the greater the risk of a person exposed to pulmonary TB.

Why Does Smoking and Malnutrition Have an Effect?

Smoking is a significant risk factor for lung TB because cigarettes contain harmful substances that weaken the body's immune system, making it more susceptible to TB infections. Cigarette smoke also damages lung tissue, making it more easily infected with TB bacteria. On the other hand, poor nutrition can reduce endurance and make a person more susceptible to infection. Lack of nutrition such as vitamins and minerals can inhibit the body's ability to fight TB bacteria.

Model Accuracy

The logistics regression model built has a 75% accuracy level, which shows that this model has succeeded in describing the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. That is, this model can predict the possibility of a person exposed to pulmonary TB based on the risk factors analyzed.

Importance of Prevention

This study shows that smoking and nutritional status are the main risk factors for pulmonary TB disease. Therefore, prevention efforts must be focused on:

Anti-smoking campaign: Increasing public awareness about the dangers of smoking and encouraging efforts to stop smoking.
Increasing nutrition: Educational and nutritional intervention programs to improve the nutritional status of the community, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, pregnant women, and the elderly.

By understanding risk factors and implementing appropriate prevention strategies, it is hoped that the prevalence of pulmonary TB in Indonesia can continue to decline.

Conclusion

This study used the logistics regression method to analyze the relationship between independent variables (risk factors) and dependent variables (incidence of pulmonary TB) at the Pematangsiantar Army Hospital. The results showed that smoking and nutritional status are the main risk factors for pulmonary TB disease. Therefore, prevention efforts must be focused on anti-smoking campaigns and increasing nutrition. By understanding risk factors and implementing appropriate prevention strategies, it is hoped that the prevalence of pulmonary TB in Indonesia can continue to decline.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Health education: Health education programs should be implemented to increase public awareness about the dangers of smoking and the importance of good nutrition.
Anti-smoking campaigns: Anti-smoking campaigns should be implemented to encourage people to stop smoking.
Nutritional intervention programs: Nutritional intervention programs should be implemented to improve the nutritional status of the community, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, pregnant women, and the elderly.
Early detection and treatment: Early detection and treatment of pulmonary TB should be implemented to reduce the risk of complications and improve treatment outcomes.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Selection bias: The study may be subject to selection bias, as the sample was selected from a specific hospital.
Measurement error: The study may be subject to measurement error, as the data was collected using self-reported measures.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on:

Large-scale studies: Large-scale studies should be conducted to confirm the findings of this study and to identify other risk factors for pulmonary TB.
Longitudinal studies: Longitudinal studies should be conducted to examine the relationship between risk factors and pulmonary TB over time.
Intervention studies: Intervention studies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-smoking campaigns and nutritional intervention programs in reducing the risk of pulmonary TB.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Lung TB and Logistics Regression Method

Q: What is Lung TB and why is it a serious health problem?

A: Lung Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is usually spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. The disease can be fatal if left untreated, but with proper treatment, it can be cured. In Indonesia, lung TB is a significant public health concern, with a high prevalence rate among the population.

Q: What is the Logistics Regression Method and how is it used in this study?

A: The Logistics Regression Method is a statistical technique used to analyze the relationship between independent variables (risk factors) and dependent variables (incidence of pulmonary TB). In this study, the risk factors under study include smoking, immunization status, nutritional status, and alcohol consumption. The Logistics Regression Method is used to identify the significant risk factors that contribute to the incidence of pulmonary TB.

Q: What are the main risk factors for pulmonary TB disease?

A: The main risk factors for pulmonary TB disease identified in this study are smoking and nutritional status. Smoking is a significant risk factor because cigarettes contain harmful substances that weaken the body's immune system, making it more susceptible to TB infections. Poor nutrition can also reduce endurance and make a person more susceptible to infection.

Q: Why is smoking a significant risk factor for pulmonary TB?

A: Smoking is a significant risk factor for pulmonary TB because cigarettes contain harmful substances that weaken the body's immune system, making it more susceptible to TB infections. Cigarette smoke also damages lung tissue, making it more easily infected with TB bacteria.

Q: Why is nutritional status a significant risk factor for pulmonary TB?

A: Nutritional status is a significant risk factor for pulmonary TB because poor nutrition can reduce endurance and make a person more susceptible to infection. Lack of nutrition such as vitamins and minerals can inhibit the body's ability to fight TB bacteria.

Q: What is the accuracy level of the Logistics Regression Model built in this study?

A: The Logistics Regression Model built in this study has a 75% accuracy level, which shows that this model has succeeded in describing the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables.

Q: What are the recommendations for prevention and control of pulmonary TB based on the findings of this study?

A: Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Health education: Health education programs should be implemented to increase public awareness about the dangers of smoking and the importance of good nutrition.
Anti-smoking campaigns: Anti-smoking campaigns should be implemented to encourage people to stop smoking.
Nutritional intervention programs: Nutritional intervention programs should be implemented to improve the nutritional status of the community, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, pregnant women, and the elderly.
Early detection and treatment: Early detection and treatment of pulmonary TB should be implemented to reduce the risk of complications and improve treatment outcomes.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Selection bias: The study may be subject to selection bias, as the sample was selected from a specific hospital.
Measurement error: The study may be subject to measurement error, as the data was collected using self-reported measures.

Q: What are the future research directions based on the findings of this study?

A: Future research should focus on:

Large-scale studies: Large-scale studies should be conducted to confirm the findings of this study and to identify other risk factors for pulmonary TB.
Longitudinal studies: Longitudinal studies should be conducted to examine the relationship between risk factors and pulmonary TB over time.
Intervention studies: Intervention studies should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-smoking campaigns and nutritional intervention programs in reducing the risk of pulmonary TB.