Impact of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Mother on the Level of Thyroid Hormone Newborns

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 99 views

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Mother on T3, T4, and TSH Newborn Levels

Iron deficiency anemia is a common health problem that affects millions of pregnant women worldwide. This condition can have a significant impact on the health of newborns, including lower hemoglobin levels and potential effects on thyroid hormone production. In this article, we will discuss the effects of iron deficiency anemia on the mother on T3, T4, and TSH newborn levels.

Impact of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Mother on the Level of Thyroid Hormone Newborns

Iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is a significant health concern that can affect the health of newborns. Research has shown that babies born to mothers with iron deficiency anemia have lower hemoglobin levels compared to infants born to mothers with normal hemoglobin levels. Furthermore, several studies have shown that iron deficiency anemia in newborns can affect the work of thyroid peroxidase enzymes (TPO) in producing thyroid hormones.

Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in the development and growth of newborns. T3 and T4 are two types of thyroid hormones that are essential for the development of the brain, nervous system, and other organs. TSH is a hormone that regulates the production of T3 and T4. Any disruption in the production of these hormones can have a significant impact on the health of newborns.

Methodology

This study aimed to investigate the effect of iron deficiency anemia on the mother on T3, T4, and TSH newborn levels. The study used a cross-sectional design and involved 40 newborns from mothers who had iron deficiency anemia. The data was collected from two general hospitals in Indonesia between September and December 2009.

The criteria for infants included in the study were:

Baby birth monthly
Single pregnancy
Spontaneous birth
Birth weight ≥2500-4000 grams
Apgar score ≥7

The mother's blood sample was taken for examination of hemoglobin, T3, T4, and ferritin levels. The baby's umbilical cord blood sample was taken for examination of hematocrit, hemoglobin, ferritin, T3, T4, and TSH levels in the first 24 hours of life.

Results

The results showed that the average T3, T4, and TSH levels in 40 newborns with mothers who had iron deficiency anemia were 2.23 nmol/L (SD 1.20 nmol/L), 8.54 ug/dl (SD 6.18 UG/DL), and 15.45 UIU/ML (SD 3.95) respectively. Some babies experienced anemia with hemoglobin levels <14 g%.

Analysis

The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy with T3 levels (p = 0.96) and TSH (p = 0.294) in newborns. However, there was a significant relationship between iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy with T4 levels (p = 0.03).

Conclusion

This study shows that iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy does not have a significant effect on T3 and TSH levels in newborns, but has a significant effect on T4 levels. This finding is important because it shows that iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy can have an impact on the production of thyroid hormones in newborns. Further research needs to be done to understand the mechanism of the influence of iron deficiency anemia on T4 levels in newborns.

Additional Analysis and Explanation

The Importance of Handling Anemia in Pregnant Women

The results of this study confirm the need for handling iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women to prevent negative impacts on the health of newborns.

The Mechanism of the Influence of Anemia on the Thyroid Hormone

The exact mechanism of the effect of iron deficiency anemia on T4 levels in newborns is still not fully understood. However, this research opens the possibility that iron deficiency can interfere with the work of the TPO enzyme, which plays a role in the production of thyroid hormones.

The Importance of Thyroid Hormone Examination in Infants

This study also shows the importance of examination of thyroid hormone levels in newborns, especially in infants born from mothers with iron deficiency anemia.

The Importance of this Article for Readers

This article provides useful information for pregnant women, medical personnel, and researchers. Information about the effect of iron deficiency anemia on the thyroid level of newborns can help in efforts to prevent and handle anemia in pregnant women, as well as in improving the health of newborns.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Pregnant women should be screened for iron deficiency anemia regularly.
Pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia should receive iron supplements to prevent negative impacts on the health of newborns.
Medical personnel should examine thyroid hormone levels in newborns, especially in infants born from mothers with iron deficiency anemia.
Further research should be conducted to understand the mechanism of the influence of iron deficiency anemia on T4 levels in newborns.

By understanding the effects of iron deficiency anemia on the mother on T3, T4, and TSH newborn levels, we can take steps to prevent and handle anemia in pregnant women, and improve the health of newborns.
Q&A: The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Mother on T3, T4, and TSH Newborn Levels

In our previous article, we discussed the effects of iron deficiency anemia on the mother on T3, T4, and TSH newborn levels. In this article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about this topic.

Q: What is iron deficiency anemia?

A: Iron deficiency anemia is a condition where the body does not have enough iron to produce hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body's tissues. This can lead to fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Q: How common is iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women?

A: Iron deficiency anemia is a common health problem that affects millions of pregnant women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), iron deficiency anemia affects approximately 30% of pregnant women in developing countries.

Q: What are the effects of iron deficiency anemia on the mother?

A: Iron deficiency anemia can lead to fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath in the mother. It can also increase the risk of preterm labor, low birth weight, and maternal mortality.

Q: What are the effects of iron deficiency anemia on the newborn?

A: Iron deficiency anemia can affect the health of the newborn, including lower hemoglobin levels, lower birth weight, and increased risk of anemia and infections.

Q: How does iron deficiency anemia affect thyroid hormone levels in newborns?

A: Research has shown that iron deficiency anemia can affect the production of thyroid hormones in newborns, particularly T4 levels. This can lead to developmental delays and other health problems.

Q: What are the symptoms of iron deficiency anemia in newborns?

A: The symptoms of iron deficiency anemia in newborns can include pale skin, fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can lead to anemia, infections, and even death.

Q: How can iron deficiency anemia be prevented in pregnant women?

A: Iron deficiency anemia can be prevented in pregnant women by taking iron supplements, eating iron-rich foods, and avoiding foods that can interfere with iron absorption.

Q: What are the treatment options for iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women?

A: The treatment options for iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women include taking iron supplements, eating iron-rich foods, and avoiding foods that can interfere with iron absorption.

Q: How can thyroid hormone levels be checked in newborns?

A: Thyroid hormone levels can be checked in newborns through a blood test. This test can help diagnose thyroid hormone imbalances and guide treatment.

Q: What are the long-term effects of iron deficiency anemia on the mother and newborn?

A: The long-term effects of iron deficiency anemia on the mother and newborn can include developmental delays, cognitive impairment, and increased risk of infections and anemia.

Q: Can iron deficiency anemia be prevented in newborns?

A: Yes, iron deficiency anemia can be prevented in newborns by ensuring that the mother has adequate iron levels during pregnancy and by providing iron supplements to the newborn if necessary.

Q: What are the recommendations for healthcare providers?

A: Healthcare providers should screen pregnant women for iron deficiency anemia regularly and provide iron supplements if necessary. They should also examine thyroid hormone levels in newborns and provide treatment if necessary.

Q: What are the recommendations for pregnant women?

A: Pregnant women should take iron supplements, eat iron-rich foods, and avoid foods that can interfere with iron absorption. They should also have regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor their iron levels and thyroid hormone levels.