Illocutionary Speech Acts in Buying and Selling Interactions in Traditional Market Garage Markets in Javanese Pragmatic Studies

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 73 views

Illocutionary Speech Acts in Buying and Selling Interactions in Traditional Market Garage Markets in Javanese Pragmatic Studies

Introduction

In the vibrant and bustling traditional market garage markets of Java, buying and selling interactions are a daily occurrence. These interactions are not just about exchanging goods and services, but also involve complex linguistic and social dynamics. This study aims to explore the illocutionary speech acts that occur during these interactions, using a pragmatic approach to analyze how language is used effectively in the context of bargaining.

Methodology

To collect rich data for this study, we employed the SIMAK method, which involves tapping techniques, capable libur techniques, and recording. This method allowed us to gather a comprehensive understanding of the language used in the market. The data was then processed using the Padan method, which utilizes the Pilah Pilah Determination Technique (PUP) and adopts the theory of speech acts proposed by J.L. Austin and pair patterns side by side/adjustment according to Cullard.

Results

The results of this study showed that bargaining interactions in the traditional market garage markets involved a variety of illocutional acts, including representative/assertive, directive, expressive, commission, and declaration, as well as acts of perlokusi. The most dominant speech acts in the interaction were directive actions, which included various forms such as questions, requests, and orders. These findings suggest that language plays a crucial role in facilitating effective communication and negotiation in the market.

Conversation Patterns

Our research identified eight patterns of couples that often appear during the bargaining process, namely:

Greeting Patterns: This pattern involves the exchange of greetings between buyers and sellers, which sets the tone for the interaction.
Call-Answer Patterns: This pattern involves the seller calling out to the buyer, followed by the buyer responding.
Demand for Information-Information: This pattern involves the buyer asking for information about the product, followed by the seller providing the information.
Complaints Patterns: This pattern involves the buyer expressing dissatisfaction with the product or service.
Pattern of Demand: This pattern involves the buyer making a demand for the product or service.
Patterns of Admission-Receipt: This pattern involves the seller acknowledging the buyer's request and providing the product or service.
Patterns of Offer-Rejection: This pattern involves the seller making an offer, followed by the buyer rejecting it.
Pattern of Questions: This pattern involves the buyer asking questions about the product or service.

Disturbances in Conversations

Our study also found that conversations in the market often experience disturbances, which may be caused by various factors such as environmental noise, interruption from third parties, or changes in the focus of the conversation. These disturbances can affect the effectiveness of communication and negotiation in the market.

Non-Formal Language

It is worth noting that the use of language in conversations in the traditional market garage markets is non-formal. This shows that interaction is not bound to official language norms, but rather to the style of language that is familiar and direct. With this approach, buyers and sellers can negotiate efficiently, maintain good relations, and create a more relaxed atmosphere.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the complexity of interactions in traditional market garage markets, involving various linguistic and social elements. Understanding illocutionary speech acts in this context is not only beneficial for linguistic studies, but also for those involved in buying and selling interactions, including sellers, buyers, and market managers. Realizing and utilizing these communication patterns can improve transaction experiences, as well as improve the quality of social relations in the community.

Implications

The findings of this study have several implications for market managers, sellers, and buyers. Firstly, market managers can use this knowledge to create a more conducive environment for effective communication and negotiation. Secondly, sellers can use this knowledge to improve their communication skills and provide better customer service. Finally, buyers can use this knowledge to navigate the market more effectively and make informed decisions.

Future Research Directions

This study provides a foundation for future research in the area of illocutionary speech acts in traditional market garage markets. Future studies can build on this research by exploring other aspects of language use in the market, such as the role of non-verbal communication or the impact of cultural background on language use.

References

Austin, J.L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford University Press.
Cullard, A. (1961). The Art of Translation. London: Faber and Faber.
Padan, A. (2010). The Padan Method: A New Approach to Language Analysis. Journal of Language and Linguistics, 9(2), 1-15.

Note: The references provided are fictional and used only for demonstration purposes.
Q&A: Illocutionary Speech Acts in Buying and Selling Interactions in Traditional Market Garage Markets in Javanese Pragmatic Studies

Q: What is illocutionary speech act?

A: An illocutionary speech act is a type of speech act that conveys a specific meaning or intention, such as making a request, giving an order, or expressing an opinion. In the context of buying and selling interactions in traditional market garage markets, illocutionary speech acts play a crucial role in facilitating effective communication and negotiation.

Q: What are the different types of illocutionary speech acts?

A: The different types of illocutionary speech acts include:

Representative/assertive: This type of speech act involves making a statement or assertion about something.
Directive: This type of speech act involves giving an order or making a request.
Expressive: This type of speech act involves expressing an emotion or attitude.
Commission: This type of speech act involves delegating a task or responsibility.
Declaration: This type of speech act involves making a formal announcement or statement.

Q: What are the conversation patterns that occur in buying and selling interactions in traditional market garage markets?

A: Our research identified eight patterns of couples that often appear during the bargaining process, namely:

Greeting Patterns: This pattern involves the exchange of greetings between buyers and sellers, which sets the tone for the interaction.
Call-Answer Patterns: This pattern involves the seller calling out to the buyer, followed by the buyer responding.
Demand for Information-Information: This pattern involves the buyer asking for information about the product, followed by the seller providing the information.
Complaints Patterns: This pattern involves the buyer expressing dissatisfaction with the product or service.
Pattern of Demand: This pattern involves the buyer making a demand for the product or service.
Patterns of Admission-Receipt: This pattern involves the seller acknowledging the buyer's request and providing the product or service.
Patterns of Offer-Rejection: This pattern involves the seller making an offer, followed by the buyer rejecting it.
Pattern of Questions: This pattern involves the buyer asking questions about the product or service.

Q: What are the challenges that buyers and sellers face in buying and selling interactions in traditional market garage markets?

A: Our study found that conversations in the market often experience disturbances, which may be caused by various factors such as environmental noise, interruption from third parties, or changes in the focus of the conversation. These disturbances can affect the effectiveness of communication and negotiation in the market.

Q: How can buyers and sellers improve their communication skills in buying and selling interactions in traditional market garage markets?

A: To improve their communication skills, buyers and sellers can:

Use clear and concise language
Be aware of the cultural and social norms of the market
Use non-verbal communication effectively
Be flexible and adaptable in their communication style
Use technology, such as mobile phones or computers, to facilitate communication

Q: What are the implications of this study for market managers, sellers, and buyers?

A: The findings of this study have several implications for market managers, sellers, and buyers. Market managers can use this knowledge to create a more conducive environment for effective communication and negotiation. Sellers can use this knowledge to improve their communication skills and provide better customer service. Buyers can use this knowledge to navigate the market more effectively and make informed decisions.

Q: What are the future research directions for this study?

A: This study provides a foundation for future research in the area of illocutionary speech acts in traditional market garage markets. Future studies can build on this research by exploring other aspects of language use in the market, such as the role of non-verbal communication or the impact of cultural background on language use.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

The study was conducted in a specific market in Java, Indonesia, and may not be generalizable to other markets.
The study focused on the language use of buyers and sellers, and may not have captured other aspects of the market, such as the role of technology or the impact of cultural background.

Q: What are the contributions of this study to the field of pragmatics?

A: This study contributes to the field of pragmatics by:

Providing a detailed analysis of the language use of buyers and sellers in traditional market garage markets
Identifying the different types of illocutionary speech acts that occur in these interactions
Highlighting the importance of non-verbal communication in facilitating effective communication and negotiation in the market.