Description of the Nutritional Status of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Regular Hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital in 2019

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 55 views

Description of the Nutritional Status of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Regular Hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital in 2019

Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a serious condition characterized by kidney damage and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) under 60 ml/min/1.73 m². In patients who reach the G5 stage, kidney replacement therapy such as hemodialysis is a recommended solution. The hemodialysis process itself, along with CKD, can cause various health problems such as anorexia, uremia, and the release of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to the energy protein and inflammatory protein malnutrition. This malnutrition is a significant risk factor, and is often associated with a decrease in the quality of life of patients, increasing inpatient needs, and also increased mortality.

The Importance of Nutritional Status in CKD Patients

Nutritional status plays a crucial role in the management of CKD patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis. Malnutrition can lead to a decrease in the quality of life, increase inpatient needs, and also increased mortality. Therefore, it is essential to assess the nutritional status of CKD patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis routinely. One of the methods used is the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), which consists of objective indicators such as albumin levels, weight, and ideal body weight, which functions as a simple screening tool for assessing patient nutritional status.

Background of the Study

This study aims to describe the nutritional status of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing regular hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital. The study used secondary data from the patient's medical record, with the sampling technique using total sampling. The data was collected from 69 samples of PGK patients who underwent regular hemodialysis.

Research Methodology

This study is a descriptive study that uses GNRI as a measurement tool to assess the nutritional status of PGK patients undergoing hemodialysis. The GNRI consists of objective indicators such as albumin levels, weight, and ideal body weight, which functions as a simple screening tool for assessing patient nutritional status.

Research Results

From this study, 69 samples of PGK patients underwent regular hemodialysis. Patient's nutritional status based on GNRI shows the following results:

1.4% high risk
18.8% are at medium risk
53.6% low risk
26.1% are not at risk

From this number, it appears that most patients (53.6%) are in the category of risk of experiencing mild malnutrition.

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that more than half of PGK patients undergoing regular hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital are at the risk of mild malnutrition. This underlines the need for better nutritional interventions for these patients to improve their quality of life and health prognosis. More precise treatment in the nutritional aspect must be prioritized in the care of PGK patients to prevent further complications that can occur due to malnutrition.

Recommendations

With the increase in awareness of the importance of nutritional status in the management of chronic kidney disease, it is expected that researchers and health practitioners can pay more attention to nutritional aspects as an integral part of hemodialysis therapy. The following recommendations can be made:

Health practitioners should prioritize nutritional interventions for CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Researchers should conduct further studies to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and health outcomes in CKD patients.
Health education programs should be implemented to raise awareness about the importance of nutritional status in the management of CKD.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the study used secondary data from the patient's medical record, which may not be comprehensive. Secondly, the study only included patients who underwent regular hemodialysis, which may not be representative of all CKD patients. Finally, the study only used GNRI as a measurement tool, which may not be sensitive enough to detect mild malnutrition.

Future Directions

This study highlights the need for further research on the nutritional status of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Future studies should investigate the relationship between nutritional status and health outcomes in CKD patients. Additionally, studies should explore the effectiveness of nutritional interventions in improving the quality of life and health prognosis of CKD patients.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of nutritional status in the management of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. The findings of this study indicate that more than half of PGK patients undergoing regular hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital are at the risk of mild malnutrition. This underlines the need for better nutritional interventions for these patients to improve their quality of life and health prognosis.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Nutritional Status of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Regular Hemodialysis

Q: What is the significance of nutritional status in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients?

A: Nutritional status plays a crucial role in the management of CKD patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis. Malnutrition can lead to a decrease in the quality of life, increase inpatient needs, and also increased mortality.

Q: What is the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and how is it used?

A: The GNRI is a simple screening tool used to assess patient nutritional status. It consists of objective indicators such as albumin levels, weight, and ideal body weight.

Q: What are the results of the study on the nutritional status of CKD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis?

A: The study found that 53.6% of patients were at low risk, 18.8% were at medium risk, 1.4% were at high risk, and 26.1% were not at risk of malnutrition.

Q: What are the implications of the study's findings?

A: The findings of the study indicate that more than half of PGK patients undergoing regular hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital are at the risk of mild malnutrition. This underlines the need for better nutritional interventions for these patients to improve their quality of life and health prognosis.

Q: What are the recommendations for health practitioners and researchers based on the study's findings?

A: Health practitioners should prioritize nutritional interventions for CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, and researchers should conduct further studies to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and health outcomes in CKD patients.

Q: What are the limitations of the study?

A: The study used secondary data from the patient's medical record, which may not be comprehensive. The study only included patients who underwent regular hemodialysis, which may not be representative of all CKD patients. The study only used GNRI as a measurement tool, which may not be sensitive enough to detect mild malnutrition.

Q: What are the future directions for research on the nutritional status of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis?

A: Future studies should investigate the relationship between nutritional status and health outcomes in CKD patients. Additionally, studies should explore the effectiveness of nutritional interventions in improving the quality of life and health prognosis of CKD patients.

Q: How can patients and their families contribute to the management of CKD and improve nutritional status?

A: Patients and their families can contribute to the management of CKD by:

Following a healthy diet that is low in salt, sugar, and fat
Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water
Exercising regularly to maintain muscle mass and strength
Getting enough sleep to help the body recover from the dialysis process
Working with healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment plan

Q: What are the potential complications of malnutrition in CKD patients?

A: Malnutrition can lead to a decrease in the quality of life, increase inpatient needs, and also increased mortality. Malnutrition can also lead to complications such as:

Muscle wasting and weakness
Fatigue and weakness
Poor wound healing
Increased risk of infections
Decreased immune function

Q: How can healthcare providers prioritize nutritional interventions for CKD patients?

A: Healthcare providers can prioritize nutritional interventions by:

Conducting regular nutritional assessments to identify patients at risk of malnutrition
Developing personalized treatment plans that include nutritional interventions
Educating patients and their families about the importance of nutrition in CKD management
Providing access to registered dietitians and other healthcare professionals who specialize in nutrition and CKD management.