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Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 30 views

Examination of the use of capital letters in Indonesian text using the rule-based method

The use of capital letters in Indonesian text is a crucial aspect of writing that can significantly impact the readability and understanding of the content. However, in practice, there are still many mistakes that occur in the use of capital letters. To minimize this error, a system is needed that can check the use of capital letters in the text to match the Indonesian spelling guidelines. This article examines the use of capital letters in Indonesian text using the rule-based method, which involves the use of Part of Speech Tagging (POS), named Entity Recognition (NER), and N-gram calculations.

The system developed to check the use of capital letters must recognize the classes of words and entities contained in each word. This is done through the Part of Speech Tagging (POS) method and named Entity Recognition (NER). Both functions determine the function of the word in sentences and recognize the name of the entity that has the potential to require capital letters.

POS tagging is a process of identifying the part of speech (such as noun, verb, adjective, etc.) of each word in a sentence. This is essential in determining the correct use of capital letters in Indonesian text. For example, in the sentence "Saya adalah seorang mahasiswa," the word "Saya" is a pronoun and should be written in lowercase, while the word "mahasiswa" is a noun and should be written in uppercase.

NER is a process of identifying and categorizing named entities in a text, such as names of people, places, organizations, etc. This is also essential in determining the correct use of capital letters in Indonesian text. For example, in the sentence "Presiden Joko Widodo mengunjungi kota Bandung," the word "Presiden" is a title and should be written in uppercase, while the word "Bandung" is a place name and should also be written in uppercase.

Furthermore, to improve system performance, the correct language model is formed with N-Graram calculations. This model functions as a reference in determining the order and use of the right capital letters.

After knowing the word class and entity, the system then designed the rules based on the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling (PUEBI). These rules become a reference in evaluating whether the use of capital letters in the text is in accordance with applicable guidelines. This process involves analysis based on the results of post tagging, NER, and N-gram.

The rules are designed to cover various aspects of capital letter usage in Indonesian text, including:

Proper nouns: Names of people, places, organizations, etc. should be written in uppercase.
Titles: Titles such as "Presiden" or "Gubernur" should be written in uppercase.
Days of the week and months: Days of the week and months should be written in uppercase.
Acronyms: Acronyms such as "UNICEF" or "WHO" should be written in uppercase.

Through the testing that has been carried out, it was found that the method applied, although not using the configuration of the order of class classes, has a good ability to check the use of capital letters in Indonesian text. The F-Score value obtained reaches 81.57%, shows the effectiveness of the system in detecting errors in the use of capital letters.

The F-Score is a measure of the accuracy of the system, which is calculated based on the number of true positives, false positives, and false negatives. A higher F-Score value indicates a higher accuracy of the system.

The application of this automatic inspection system not only helps the writer to correct errors in the use of capital letters, but also contributes to improving the quality of the resulting text. Thus, the use of rule-based technology in spelling examination, especially in capital letters, is an important step to support the use of Indonesian language that is good and right. This system is a practical solution that can be adopted to improve readers' readability and understanding of Indonesian text.

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Further improvement of the system: The system can be further improved by incorporating more advanced techniques, such as deep learning, to increase its accuracy.
Expansion of the rules: The rules can be expanded to cover more aspects of capital letter usage in Indonesian text, such as the use of capital letters in headings and subheadings.
Testing on larger datasets: The system can be tested on larger datasets to evaluate its performance on a wider range of texts.

By implementing these recommendations, the system can be further improved to provide more accurate results and support the use of Indonesian language that is good and right.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Examination of the use of capital letters in Indonesian text using the rule-based method

A: The purpose of this examination is to develop a system that can check the use of capital letters in Indonesian text to match the Indonesian spelling guidelines. This system aims to minimize errors in the use of capital letters and improve the quality of the resulting text.

A: The key components of the rule-based method used in this examination are:

Part of Speech Tagging (POS): This process identifies the part of speech (such as noun, verb, adjective, etc.) of each word in a sentence.
Named Entity Recognition (NER): This process identifies and categorizes named entities in a text, such as names of people, places, organizations, etc.
N-gram calculations: This process forms a language model that functions as a reference in determining the order and use of the right capital letters.

A: The rules used in this examination are based on the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling (PUEBI) and cover various aspects of capital letter usage in Indonesian text, including:

Proper nouns: Names of people, places, organizations, etc. should be written in uppercase.
Titles: Titles such as "Presiden" or "Gubernur" should be written in uppercase.
Days of the week and months: Days of the week and months should be written in uppercase.
Acronyms: Acronyms such as "UNICEF" or "WHO" should be written in uppercase.

A: The F-Score value obtained in this examination is 81.57%, which indicates the effectiveness of the system in detecting errors in the use of capital letters.

A: The recommendations for further improvement of the system are:

Further improvement of the system: The system can be further improved by incorporating more advanced techniques, such as deep learning, to increase its accuracy.
Expansion of the rules: The rules can be expanded to cover more aspects of capital letter usage in Indonesian text, such as the use of capital letters in headings and subheadings.
Testing on larger datasets: The system can be tested on larger datasets to evaluate its performance on a wider range of texts.

A: The benefits of using the rule-based method in spelling examination, especially in capital letters, are:

Improved accuracy: The system can detect errors in the use of capital letters with high accuracy.
Increased efficiency: The system can automate the process of checking the use of capital letters, saving time and effort.
Enhanced quality: The system can improve the quality of the resulting text by ensuring that the use of capital letters is correct.

A: The system can be adapted for use in other languages, but it may require modifications to the rules and the language model.