Conducting longitudinal studies

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 76 views

Introduction

Nutrition problems remain a significant issue in developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the major concerns is the low nutritional status of pregnant women, which can have a serious impact on the health of the mother and baby. Low birth weight (LBW) is a critical consequence of this malnutrition, and it is essential to address this issue to ensure the well-being of both mothers and infants. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends regular consumption of iron supplements (FE) as part of antenatal care (ANC) to reduce the risk of LBW. However, the effectiveness of this recommendation depends on the compliance of pregnant women with iron supplement consumption.

Research Purposes

This study aims to examine the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and the incidence of babies born with low body weight at the Adam Malik Hajj Hospital. The primary objective is to investigate whether there is a significant correlation between the two variables and to identify the factors that contribute to this relationship.

Research Methods

This study uses an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample consisted of mothers whose babies were treated in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) room at Adam Malik Hospital between September and November 2019. Criteria for inclusion and exclusion were applied to get relevant samples. Data was collected using a total sampling technique, with primary data obtained through direct interviews and secondary data taken from medical records available at the hospital. For data analysis, SPSS software is used.

Research Result

Of the total 48 mothers who became respondents, there were 21 babies born with LBW and 27 babies were born with normal body weight. The interview results show that 22 mothers obeyed in taking iron supplements, while 26 other mothers were not compliant. The Chi Square test revealed a significant relationship between the two variables with the value of P = 0.001.

Discussion

The results of this study indicate that compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements plays an important role in reducing the risk of giving birth to babies with LBW. Pregnant women who are disciplined in taking iron supplements tend to have better hemoglobin (HB) levels, which in turn improve fetal health. Other factors that can affect this result, such as eating patterns, health status, and access to health services, also need to be considered. It is essential for related parties, such as health workers and the government, to provide adequate education about the importance of consumption of iron supplements during pregnancy, as well as creating support programs for pregnant women to be more disciplined in undergoing ANC.

Factors Affecting Compliance

Several factors can influence the compliance of pregnant women with iron supplement consumption. These include:

Eating patterns: Pregnant women who have a balanced diet and consume iron-rich foods tend to have better HB levels and are more likely to comply with iron supplement consumption.
Health status: Pregnant women with underlying health conditions, such as anemia, may require more frequent iron supplement consumption, which can affect compliance.
Access to health services: Pregnant women who have access to regular prenatal care and health education are more likely to comply with iron supplement consumption.

Implications for Health Programs

The results of this study have significant implications for health programs aimed at improving the health of mothers and infants. Health workers and the government should provide adequate education about the importance of consumption of iron supplements during pregnancy and create support programs for pregnant women to be more disciplined in undergoing ANC. This can include:

Health education: Providing pregnant women with accurate information about the benefits of iron supplement consumption and the risks of non-compliance.
Support programs: Creating programs that provide pregnant women with access to regular prenatal care, health education, and iron supplements.
Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitoring and evaluating the compliance of pregnant women with iron supplement consumption to identify areas for improvement.

Conclusion

This study confirmed the existence of a significant relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements with LBW events at the Adam Malik Haji Hospital. Therefore, efforts to increase compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements must be a focus in health programs to improve the health of mothers and infants.

Keywords: BBLR, Iron Supplements, Compliance, Pregnant Women.

Recommendations for Future Research

This study provides a foundation for future research on the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events. Future studies should investigate the following:

Longitudinal studies: Conducting longitudinal studies to examine the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events over time.
Intervention studies: Conducting intervention studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health education and support programs in improving compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements.
Multivariate analysis: Conducting multivariate analysis to identify the factors that contribute to the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events.

Q: What is the main objective of this study?

A: The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and the incidence of babies born with low body weight at the Adam Malik Hajj Hospital.

Q: What is the significance of this study?

A: This study is significant because it highlights the importance of compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements in reducing the risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight. It also emphasizes the need for health workers and the government to provide adequate education and support programs for pregnant women to improve their health outcomes.

Q: What are the factors that affect compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements?

A: Several factors can influence the compliance of pregnant women with iron supplement consumption, including eating patterns, health status, and access to health services.

Q: What are the implications of this study for health programs?

A: The results of this study have significant implications for health programs aimed at improving the health of mothers and infants. Health workers and the government should provide adequate education about the importance of consumption of iron supplements during pregnancy and create support programs for pregnant women to be more disciplined in undergoing ANC.

Q: What are the recommendations for future research?

A: This study provides a foundation for future research on the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events. Future studies should investigate the following:

Longitudinal studies: Conducting longitudinal studies to examine the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events over time.
Intervention studies: Conducting intervention studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health education and support programs in improving compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements.
Multivariate analysis: Conducting multivariate analysis to identify the factors that contribute to the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Cross-sectional design: The cross-sectional design of this study may not allow for the examination of the temporal relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events.
Self-reported data: The data used in this study are self-reported, which may be subject to biases and errors.

Q: What are the future directions for this research?

A: Future directions for this research include:

Conducting longitudinal studies: Conducting longitudinal studies to examine the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events over time.
Conducting intervention studies: Conducting intervention studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health education and support programs in improving compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements.
Conducting multivariate analysis: Conducting multivariate analysis to identify the factors that contribute to the relationship between compliance with pregnant women in taking iron supplements and LBW events.

Q: What are the implications of this study for policy and practice?

A: The results of this study have significant implications for policy and practice. Health workers and the government should provide adequate education about the importance of consumption of iron supplements during pregnancy and create support programs for pregnant women to be more disciplined in undergoing ANC. This can include:

Health education: Providing pregnant women with accurate information about the benefits of iron supplement consumption and the risks of non-compliance.
Support programs: Creating programs that provide pregnant women with access to regular prenatal care, health education, and iron supplements.
Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitoring and evaluating the compliance of pregnant women with iron supplement consumption to identify areas for improvement.

Keywords: BBLR, Iron Supplements, Compliance, Pregnant Women.