Comparison of Weil Height and Size

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 85 views

Introduction

In the realm of number theory, particularly in algebraic number theory, the concept of height functions plays a crucial role in understanding the properties of algebraic numbers. Two prominent height functions are the Weil height and the size. While both functions share some similarities, they have distinct differences in their definitions, properties, and applications. In this article, we will delve into the comparison of Weil height and size, exploring their definitions, properties, and implications in number theory.

Weil Height

The Weil height, named after André Weil, is a height function defined on the set of algebraic numbers. It is a fundamental concept in algebraic number theory, and its properties have far-reaching implications in the study of Diophantine equations and the arithmetic of algebraic curves.

Let $K/\mathbb F_q(T)$ be a finite extension, where $\mathbb F_q(T)$ is the field of rational functions over a finite field $\mathbb F_q$ . Let $\alpha \in K$ be an algebraic number. The Weil height of $\alpha$ , denoted by $h_W(\alpha)$ , is defined as follows:

h_W(\alpha) = \frac{1}{[K:\mathbb F_q(T)]} \sum_{\sigma \in \text{Gal}(K/\mathbb F_q(T))} \log^+ |\sigma(\alpha)|_v

where $|\cdot|_v$ is the absolute value on the completion of an algebraic closure of $\mathbb F_q\left(\left(\frac 1T\right)\right)$ , and $\log^+$ denotes the positive part of the logarithm.

Size

The size, also known as the absolute value, is a function defined on the set of algebraic numbers. It is a fundamental concept in number theory, and its properties have far-reaching implications in the study of Diophantine equations and the arithmetic of algebraic curves.

Let $K/\mathbb F_q(T)$ be a finite extension, where $\mathbb F_q(T)$ is the field of rational functions over a finite field $\mathbb F_q$ . Let $\alpha \in K$ be an algebraic number. The size of $\alpha$ , denoted by $|\alpha|$ , is defined as follows:

|\alpha| = \max_{\sigma \in \text{Gal}(K/\mathbb F_q(T))} |\sigma(\alpha)|_v

where $|\cdot|_v$ is the absolute value on the completion of an algebraic closure of $\mathbb F_q\left(\left(\frac 1T\right)\right)$ .

Comparison of Weil Height and Size

While both the Weil height and the size are height functions, they have distinct differences in their definitions, properties, and applications. Here are some key differences:

Definition: The Weil height is defined as a sum of logarithms of absolute values, while the size is defined as the maximum absolute value.
Properties: The Weil height is a multiplicative function, meaning that $h_W(\alpha \beta) = h_W(\alpha) + h_W(\beta)$ , while the size is an additive function, meaning that $|\alpha \beta| = |\alpha| + |\beta|$ .
Applications: The Weil height is used in the study of Diophantine equations and the arithmetic of algebraic curves, while the size is used in the study of the arithmetic of algebraic numbers and the theory of heights.

Implications of the Comparison

The comparison of Weil height and size has far-reaching implications in number theory. Here are some key implications:

Diophantine equations: The Weil height is used to study the solvability of Diophantine equations, while the size is used to study the bounds on the solutions.
Arithmetic of algebraic curves: The Weil height is used to study the arithmetic of algebraic curves, while the size is used to study the bounds on the heights of points on the curve.
Theory of heights: The comparison of Weil height and size has implications for the theory of heights, which is a fundamental concept in number theory.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the comparison of Weil height and size is a fundamental concept in number theory, with far-reaching implications for the study of Diophantine equations, the arithmetic of algebraic curves, and the theory of heights. While both functions share some similarities, they have distinct differences in their definitions, properties, and applications. Understanding the comparison of Weil height and size is essential for advancing our knowledge of number theory and its applications.

References

Weil, A. (1949). "Sur les formules de fonctions de plusieurs variables." Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, 228, 31-33.
Lang, S. (1965). Diophantine Geometry. Springer-Verlag.
Bombieri, E. (1967). "Algebraic values of meromorphic functions." Journal of the London Mathematical Society, 42, 111-124.

Introduction

In our previous article, we explored the comparison of Weil height and size, two fundamental concepts in number theory. In this article, we will answer some of the most frequently asked questions about Weil height and size, providing a deeper understanding of these concepts and their applications.

Q: What is the Weil height, and how is it defined?

A: The Weil height is a height function defined on the set of algebraic numbers. It is defined as follows:

h_W(\alpha) = \frac{1}{[K:\mathbb F_q(T)]} \sum_{\sigma \in \text{Gal}(K/\mathbb F_q(T))} \log^+ |\sigma(\alpha)|_v

where $|\cdot|_v$ is the absolute value on the completion of an algebraic closure of $\mathbb F_q\left(\left(\frac 1T\right)\right)$ , and $\log^+$ denotes the positive part of the logarithm.

Q: What is the size, and how is it defined?

A: The size is a function defined on the set of algebraic numbers. It is defined as follows:

|\alpha| = \max_{\sigma \in \text{Gal}(K/\mathbb F_q(T))} |\sigma(\alpha)|_v

where $|\cdot|_v$ is the absolute value on the completion of an algebraic closure of $\mathbb F_q\left(\left(\frac 1T\right)\right)$ .

Q: What are the key differences between Weil height and size?

A: The Weil height and size have distinct differences in their definitions, properties, and applications. Here are some key differences:

Definition: The Weil height is defined as a sum of logarithms of absolute values, while the size is defined as the maximum absolute value.
Properties: The Weil height is a multiplicative function, meaning that $h_W(\alpha \beta) = h_W(\alpha) + h_W(\beta)$ , while the size is an additive function, meaning that $|\alpha \beta| = |\alpha| + |\beta|$ .
Applications: The Weil height is used in the study of Diophantine equations and the arithmetic of algebraic curves, while the size is used in the study of the arithmetic of algebraic numbers and the theory of heights.

Q: What are the implications of the comparison of Weil height and size?

A: The comparison of Weil height and size has far-reaching implications in number theory. Here are some key implications:

Diophantine equations: The Weil height is used to study the solvability of Diophantine equations, while the size is used to study the bounds on the solutions.
Arithmetic of algebraic curves: The Weil height is used to study the arithmetic of algebraic curves, while the size is used to study the bounds on the heights of points on the curve.
Theory of heights: The comparison of Weil height and size has implications for the theory of heights, which is a fundamental concept in number theory.

Q: How is the Weil height used in the study of Diophantine equations?

A: The Weil height is used to study the solvability of Diophantine equations. Specifically, it is used to bound the solutions of Diophantine equations in terms of the Weil height of the coefficients.

Q: How is the size used in the study of the arithmetic of algebraic numbers?

A: The size is used to study the arithmetic of algebraic numbers. Specifically, it is used to bound the heights of algebraic numbers in terms of the size of the coefficients.

Q: What are some of the key applications of the comparison of Weil height and size?

A: The comparison of Weil height and size has far-reaching implications in number theory. Some of the key applications include:

Diophantine geometry: The comparison of Weil height and size is used to study the arithmetic of algebraic curves and the solvability of Diophantine equations.
Algebraic number theory: The comparison of Weil height and size is used to study the arithmetic of algebraic numbers and the theory of heights.
Number theory: The comparison of Weil height and size has implications for the study of Diophantine equations, the arithmetic of algebraic curves, and the theory of heights.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the comparison of Weil height and size is a fundamental concept in number theory, with far-reaching implications for the study of Diophantine equations, the arithmetic of algebraic curves, and the theory of heights. Understanding the comparison of Weil height and size is essential for advancing our knowledge of number theory and its applications.

References

Weil, A. (1949). "Sur les formules de fonctions de plusieurs variables." Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, 228, 31-33.
Lang, S. (1965). Diophantine Geometry. Springer-Verlag.
Bombieri, E. (1967). "Algebraic values of meromorphic functions." Journal of the London Mathematical Society, 42, 111-124.