Banks should improve their operational efficiency

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 21 views

The Effect of Camel, Interest Rates, and Inflation on Stock Returns in Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (2011-2013)

Introduction

The banking sector plays a vital role in the economy of any country, and the stock market is a crucial indicator of the sector's performance. The stock returns of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) are influenced by various internal and external factors. This study aims to understand the effect of these factors on stock returns in banks listed on the IDX for the period 2011-2013.

Background of the Study

The banking sector is a significant contributor to the economy of Indonesia, and the stock market is a vital indicator of the sector's performance. The stock returns of banks listed on the IDX are influenced by various internal and external factors, including the Camel Ratio, interest rates, and inflation. The Camel Ratio is a set of indicators that measures the health and stability of a bank, including Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Operating Expense to Operating Income (BOPO), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). Interest rates and inflation are external factors that can affect the stock returns of banks.

Research Design and Methodology

This study uses an association-ache research design, with the research population consisting of banking companies listed on the IDX during the 2011 to 2013 period, which amounted to 84 companies. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, which determining the sample is based on certain criteria that are relevant to the research objectives. In this study, the sample used amounted to 28 banking companies.

Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression models. This model aims to analyze the pattern of relationships between the variables studied. The data processing process was carried out using the SPSS statistical program version 20.

Results and Discussion

The results of the study showed that partially, CAR, NPL, ROA, LDR, BOPO, interest rates, and inflation had no effect on stock returns. However, from multiple regression analysis, it was revealed that ROA, LDR, and BOPO had a significant influence on stock returns, while other factors had no effect on the 2011-2013 period.

The results of the study suggest that bank's internal performance, which is expressed through ROA, LDR, and BOPO, has a considerable influence on stock returns. This shows that good operational efficiency and asset management is an important key in increasing investor confidence and attracting their interest in investing in bank shares.

On the other hand, external factors such as interest rates and inflation, although important, do not seem to have a significant impact on stock returns during the period under study. This may be caused by greater market uncertainty or other factors that affect investor sentiment and is not only determined by macroeconomic conditions.

Conclusion

This study provides important insights for investors and bank managers in making investment decisions. By knowing what factors affect stock returns, investors can be more careful in choosing potential shares and banks can improve their performance to maximize value for shareholders. Further research can also be carried out to explore other factors that might affect stock returns in the banking sector, especially in the period of economic uncertainty.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Investors should focus on bank's internal performance: Investors should focus on bank's internal performance, which is expressed through ROA, LDR, and BOPO, when making investment decisions.
Banks should improve their operational efficiency: Banks should improve their operational efficiency and asset management to increase investor confidence and attract their interest in investing in bank shares.
Further research should be carried out: Further research should be carried out to explore other factors that might affect stock returns in the banking sector, especially in the period of economic uncertainty.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

Limited sample size: The sample size used in this study is limited to 28 banking companies.
Limited time period: The study only covers the period 2011-2013.
Limited variables: The study only considers a limited number of variables, including the Camel Ratio, interest rates, and inflation.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on exploring other factors that might affect stock returns in the banking sector, especially in the period of economic uncertainty. Some potential research directions include:

Exploring the impact of macroeconomic conditions: Future research should explore the impact of macroeconomic conditions, such as GDP growth, inflation, and interest rates, on stock returns in the banking sector.
Examining the role of bank's governance: Future research should examine the role of bank's governance, including board composition and executive compensation, on stock returns in the banking sector.
Investigating the impact of regulatory changes: Future research should investigate the impact of regulatory changes, such as Basel III, on stock returns in the banking sector.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about the Effect of Camel, Interest Rates, and Inflation on Stock Returns in Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (2011-2013)

Q: What is the Camel Ratio, and how does it affect stock returns?

A: The Camel Ratio is a set of indicators that measures the health and stability of a bank, including Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Operating Expense to Operating Income (BOPO), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). The study found that only a few of these ratios, specifically ROA, LDR, and BOPO, have a significant influence on stock returns.

Q: What is the significance of ROA, LDR, and BOPO in determining stock returns?

A: ROA (Return on Assets) measures a bank's profitability, LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio) measures a bank's asset management efficiency, and BOPO (Operating Expense to Operating Income) measures a bank's operational efficiency. The study found that these three ratios have a significant influence on stock returns, indicating that good operational efficiency and asset management are important keys in increasing investor confidence and attracting their interest in investing in bank shares.

Q: Why did interest rates and inflation not have a significant impact on stock returns?

A: The study found that external factors such as interest rates and inflation, although important, do not seem to have a significant impact on stock returns during the period under study. This may be caused by greater market uncertainty or other factors that affect investor sentiment and is not only determined by macroeconomic conditions.

Q: What are the implications of this study for investors and bank managers?

A: This study provides important insights for investors and bank managers in making investment decisions. By knowing what factors affect stock returns, investors can be more careful in choosing potential shares and banks can improve their performance to maximize value for shareholders.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including a limited sample size, a limited time period, and a limited number of variables considered.

Q: What are the future research directions based on this study?

A: Future research should focus on exploring other factors that might affect stock returns in the banking sector, especially in the period of economic uncertainty. Some potential research directions include examining the impact of macroeconomic conditions, the role of bank's governance, and the impact of regulatory changes on stock returns in the banking sector.

Q: What are the practical implications of this study for bank managers?

A: Bank managers should focus on improving their operational efficiency and asset management to increase investor confidence and attract their interest in investing in bank shares. They should also consider the impact of regulatory changes on their bank's performance and make necessary adjustments to stay competitive.

Q: What are the practical implications of this study for investors?

A: Investors should focus on bank's internal performance, specifically ROA, LDR, and BOPO, when making investment decisions. They should also consider the impact of market uncertainty and other factors that affect investor sentiment when making investment decisions.

Q: What are the implications of this study for policymakers?

A: Policymakers should consider the impact of regulatory changes on the banking sector and make necessary adjustments to ensure the stability and soundness of the banking system. They should also consider the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the banking sector and make necessary adjustments to support economic growth and stability.