Applying the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to Polynomial Functions

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 131 views

The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a fundamental concept in mathematics that states every non-constant polynomial equation of degree n has exactly n complex roots. This theorem is crucial in understanding the behavior of polynomial functions and their roots. In this article, we will explore the concept of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra and apply it to a given polynomial function to determine the number of roots it has.

What is the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra?

The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a theorem in algebra that states every non-constant polynomial equation of degree n has exactly n complex roots. This theorem was first proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in the early 19th century and has since become a cornerstone of algebraic geometry and number theory. The theorem states that for any polynomial equation of degree n, there exists a complex root, and that the number of complex roots is equal to the degree of the polynomial.

Applying the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to Polynomial Functions

To apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to a polynomial function, we need to understand the concept of a polynomial function and its roots. A polynomial function is a function that can be written in the form f(x) = a_n x^n + a_(n-1) x^(n-1) + ... + a_1 x + a_0, where a_n, a_(n-1), ..., a_1, a_0 are constants and n is a positive integer. The roots of a polynomial function are the values of x that make the function equal to zero.

The Given Polynomial Function

The given polynomial function is (9x+7)(4x+1)(3x+4)=0. To determine the number of roots of this function, we need to expand the function and set it equal to zero.

(9x+7)(4x+1)(3x+4)=0

Expanding the function, we get:

36x^3 + 45x^2 + 27x + 28 = 0

Determining the Number of Roots

To determine the number of roots of the polynomial function, we need to apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. According to the theorem, the number of complex roots of a polynomial function is equal to the degree of the polynomial. In this case, the degree of the polynomial is 3, which means that the polynomial function has exactly 3 complex roots.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra states that every non-constant polynomial equation of degree n has exactly n complex roots. By applying this theorem to the given polynomial function (9x+7)(4x+1)(3x+4)=0, we have determined that the function has exactly 3 complex roots. This is because the degree of the polynomial is 3, and the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra states that the number of complex roots is equal to the degree of the polynomial.

Final Answer

The final answer is B. 3 roots.

Additional Information

The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a fundamental concept in mathematics that states every non-constant polynomial equation of degree n has exactly n complex roots.
The theorem was first proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in the early 19th century and has since become a cornerstone of algebraic geometry and number theory.
The theorem states that for any polynomial equation of degree n, there exists a complex root, and that the number of complex roots is equal to the degree of the polynomial.
The given polynomial function (9x+7)(4x+1)(3x+4)=0 has exactly 3 complex roots, which is determined by the degree of the polynomial.

References

Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. (n.d.). In Encyclopedia Britannica.
Gauss, C. F. (1801). Disquisitiones Arithmeticae.
Algebraic Geometry. (n.d.). In Wikipedia.

Q: What is the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra?

A: The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a theorem in algebra that states every non-constant polynomial equation of degree n has exactly n complex roots. This theorem was first proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in the early 19th century and has since become a cornerstone of algebraic geometry and number theory.

Q: What is a polynomial function?

A: A polynomial function is a function that can be written in the form f(x) = a_n x^n + a_(n-1) x^(n-1) + ... + a_1 x + a_0, where a_n, a_(n-1), ..., a_1, a_0 are constants and n is a positive integer.

Q: What is the degree of a polynomial function?

A: The degree of a polynomial function is the highest power of the variable (x) in the function. For example, in the function f(x) = 3x^4 + 2x^3 - 5x^2 + x - 1, the degree is 4.

Q: How do I determine the number of roots of a polynomial function?

A: To determine the number of roots of a polynomial function, you need to apply the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. According to the theorem, the number of complex roots of a polynomial function is equal to the degree of the polynomial.

Q: What is the difference between a real root and a complex root?

A: A real root is a root that is a real number, while a complex root is a root that is a complex number. Complex numbers are numbers that have both a real and an imaginary part.

Q: Can a polynomial function have more than one real root?

A: Yes, a polynomial function can have more than one real root. For example, the function f(x) = (x-1)(x-2)(x-3) has three real roots: 1, 2, and 3.

Q: Can a polynomial function have no real roots?

A: Yes, a polynomial function can have no real roots. For example, the function f(x) = x^2 + 1 has no real roots, but it has two complex roots: i and -i.

Q: What is the significance of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra?

A: The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a fundamental concept in mathematics that has numerous applications in various fields, including algebraic geometry, number theory, and calculus. It provides a powerful tool for solving polynomial equations and has far-reaching implications in many areas of mathematics.

Q: How is the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra used in real-world applications?

A: The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is used in many real-world applications, including:

Algebraic geometry: The theorem is used to study the properties of algebraic curves and surfaces.
Number theory: The theorem is used to study the properties of integers and modular forms.
Calculus: The theorem is used to study the properties of functions and their derivatives.
Engineering: The theorem is used to design and analyze electrical circuits, mechanical systems, and other engineering systems.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra and polynomial functions are fundamental concepts in mathematics that have numerous applications in various fields. By understanding these concepts, you can solve polynomial equations, analyze functions, and apply mathematical techniques to real-world problems.

Final Answer

The final answer is that the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a fundamental concept in mathematics that states every non-constant polynomial equation of degree n has exactly n complex roots.

Additional Information

The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is a cornerstone of algebraic geometry and number theory.
The theorem was first proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in the early 19th century.
The theorem has far-reaching implications in many areas of mathematics, including algebraic geometry, number theory, and calculus.
The theorem is used in many real-world applications, including algebraic geometry, number theory, calculus, and engineering.

References

Fundamental Theorem of Algebra. (n.d.). In Encyclopedia Britannica.
Gauss, C. F. (1801). Disquisitiones Arithmeticae.
Algebraic Geometry. (n.d.). In Wikipedia.