An Overview of Patients with Pulmonary TB who Received Category II Treatment at the 2016 Adam Malik Hospital

Oct 13, 2025 by windailys.com 18 views

An Overview of Patients with Pulmonary TB who Received Category II Treatment at the 2016 Adam Malik Hospital

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease that affects various systems in the body and is one of the main causes of death from infectious diseases worldwide. In Indonesia, TB treatment is divided into two categories: category I and category II. Patients included in category II have a higher risk of developing drug-resistant TB (MDR). This study aims to describe the profile of TB patients who received category II treatment at H. Adam Malik Hospital in 2016.

Research Purposes

This study aims to determine the profile of patients undergoing TB category II treatment at H. Adam Malik Hospital, including age, gender, weight, last education, work, ethnicity, type of regimen given, patient classification, and risk factors that affect the condition of the patient. Understanding the profile of patients with category II TB is crucial in designing effective prevention and treatment programs.

Methodology

This study employed a descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. The data used were taken from the patient's medical records and analyzed using statistical software to be presented in table form. The study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the profile of patients with category II TB, which can be used as a reference for medical personnel and related parties.

Research Results

The study involved 19 patients who received category II treatment at H. Adam Malik Hospital in 2016. The results of the analysis showed that the most common age range of category II TB sufferers was 46-55 years (31.6%), with the majority of male sex (89.5%). In terms of body weight, the most commonly found patients had a body weight between 51-60 kg (47.4%). The last most common education was high school graduates (SLTA) with a proportion of 63.2%. In terms of work, entrepreneurs were the most common work categories, which was 36.8%. The Batak tribe dominated the patient's population with a percentage of 52.6%.

The treatment given to patients also showed attractive results, where 73.7% of patients received standard treatment regimens. However, there was also a tendency where most patients came from a group that broke treatment, which was as many as 57.9%. The most significant risk factor found in this study was smoking, suffered by 52.6% of patients.

Conclusion

From the results of this study, it can be concluded that TB patients who received category II treatment at H. Adam Malik Hospital in 2016 were dominated by men, early elderly age, and most of them smokers. These results show the need for special attention to these groups of patients, both in prevention and care efforts. Increasing awareness and education regarding the risk of TB, as well as efforts to encourage patients not to break up treatment, are important steps in overcoming TB problems, especially for patients in category II who are at higher risk of experiencing complications.

Implications of the Study

This study provides a useful picture for medical personnel and related parties in designing more effective TB prevention and treatment programs. The results of this study can be used as a reference for policymakers and healthcare providers to develop targeted interventions for patients with category II TB. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for increased awareness and education regarding the risk of TB, particularly among high-risk groups such as smokers.

Limitations of the Study

This study had several limitations. The sample size was relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the results. Additionally, the study relied on medical records, which may not provide a comprehensive picture of the patients' profiles. Future studies should aim to recruit a larger sample size and use more comprehensive data collection methods to provide a more accurate picture of the profile of patients with category II TB.

Recommendations for Future Research

Future studies should aim to investigate the factors that contribute to the development of drug-resistant TB among patients with category II TB. Additionally, studies should explore the effectiveness of targeted interventions for patients with category II TB, particularly those who are at higher risk of experiencing complications. Furthermore, studies should investigate the role of smoking in the development of TB and the effectiveness of smoking cessation programs in reducing the risk of TB.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the profile of patients with category II TB who received treatment at H. Adam Malik Hospital in 2016. The results of this study highlight the need for special attention to high-risk groups, particularly smokers, and the importance of increasing awareness and education regarding the risk of TB. The study provides a useful reference for medical personnel and related parties in designing more effective TB prevention and treatment programs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Pulmonary TB and Category II Treatment

Q: What is pulmonary TB?

A: Pulmonary TB is a type of tuberculosis that affects the lungs. It is a highly infectious disease that can be spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.

Q: What is category II treatment for pulmonary TB?

A: Category II treatment is a type of treatment for pulmonary TB that is given to patients who are at higher risk of developing drug-resistant TB (MDR). This type of treatment is usually given to patients who have a history of TB treatment failure or who have a high risk of developing MDR.

Q: What are the symptoms of pulmonary TB?

A: The symptoms of pulmonary TB can include coughing, chest pain, fever, chills, and weight loss. In some cases, patients may also experience night sweats, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

Q: How is pulmonary TB diagnosed?

A: Pulmonary TB is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. The most common laboratory test used to diagnose TB is the sputum smear test, which involves examining a sample of sputum under a microscope for the presence of TB bacteria.

Q: What is the treatment for pulmonary TB?

A: The treatment for pulmonary TB typically involves a combination of antibiotics, which are usually given for a period of 6-12 months. The specific antibiotics used and the duration of treatment may vary depending on the severity of the disease and the patient's medical history.

Q: What are the risks of not completing TB treatment?

A: Not completing TB treatment can lead to the development of drug-resistant TB (MDR), which is a more serious and difficult-to-treat form of the disease. MDR TB can also be spread to others, making it a public health concern.

Q: What are the risk factors for developing pulmonary TB?

A: The risk factors for developing pulmonary TB include:

Having a history of TB treatment failure
Having a high risk of developing MDR
Being a smoker
Having a weakened immune system
Being exposed to someone with TB

Q: How can I prevent pulmonary TB?

A: You can prevent pulmonary TB by:

Getting vaccinated against TB
Avoiding close contact with someone who has TB
Practicing good hygiene, such as washing your hands regularly
Avoiding smoking
Getting regular check-ups with your healthcare provider

Q: What should I do if I think I have pulmonary TB?

A: If you think you have pulmonary TB, you should:

Contact your healthcare provider immediately
Get tested for TB
Follow your healthcare provider's instructions for treatment and follow-up care

Q: Can pulmonary TB be cured?

A: Yes, pulmonary TB can be cured with proper treatment. However, it is essential to complete the full course of treatment to prevent the development of drug-resistant TB (MDR).

Q: How can I support someone who has pulmonary TB?

A: You can support someone who has pulmonary TB by:

Encouraging them to complete their treatment
Helping them to follow their healthcare provider's instructions
Providing emotional support and encouragement
Helping them to manage their symptoms and side effects

Q: What are the long-term effects of pulmonary TB?

A: The long-term effects of pulmonary TB can include:

Chronic lung damage
Respiratory problems
Fatigue
Weight loss
Decreased lung function

It is essential to seek medical attention if you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of pulmonary TB. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent the development of drug-resistant TB (MDR) and improve outcomes.